Antihypertensive Agents

Question 1

What is the classification of antihypertensive agents

Answer 1

Diuretics
Sympathoplegic agents
Direct vasodilators
Agents that block production or action of angiotensin
Calcium channel blockers

Question 2

How do diuretics decrease blood pressure

Answer 2

By depleting the body of sodium and reducing blood volume

Question 3

How do sympathoplegic agents decrease blood pressure

Answer 3

Question 4

How do direct vasodilators decrease blood pressure

Answer 4

Question 5

How do agents that block production or action of angiotensin decrease blood pressure

Answer 5

Question 6

Explain why drugs that alter sympathetic nervous system function are useful in hypertension

Answer 6

Question 7

List the centrally acting sympathoplegic drugs

Answer 7

Methyldopa
Clonidine

Question 8

Explain methyldopa as antihypertensive agent

Answer 8

Question 9

Explain mechanism of action of methyldopa

Answer 9

Question 10

What is the toxicity of methyldopa

Answer 10

Question 11

Explain clonidine as antihypertensive agent

Answer 11

Question 12

Explain the mechanism of action of clonidine

Answer 12

Question 13

Explain the pharmacokinetics of clonidine

Answer 13

Question 14

What can be used instead of clonidine tablets

Answer 14

Question 15

Explain a precaution of clonidine

Answer 15

Question 16

What is the toxicity of clonidine

Answer 16

Dry mouth and sedation

Question 17

What are the adrenoceptor antagonists

Answer 17

Alpha 1 blockers
Beta adrenoceptor blocking agents

Question 18

List the alpha 1 blockers

Answer 18

Question 19

Explain the mechanism of action of alpha 1 blockers

Answer 19

Question 20

When are alpha1 blockers used as antihypertensive more effectively

Answer 20

Question 21

Uses of alpha1 blockers

Answer 21

Question 22

Why should the first dose of alpha 1 receptor blockers be small and at bedtime

Answer 22

Question 23

Long term treatment with alpha1 receptor blockers causes what

Answer 23

Relatively little postural hypotension

Question 24

What is the classification of beta adrenoceptor blocking agents

Answer 24

Question 25

Explain the pharmacokinetics of beta blockers

Answer 25

Question 26

What is the pharmacological action of beta blockers on the CVS

Answer 26

Question 27

What is the pharmacological cation of beta blockers on the bronchi

Answer 27

Question 28

What is the pharmacological cation of beta blockers on the CNS

Answer 28

Question 29

What is the pharmacological cation of beta blockers on metabolism

Answer 29

Question 30

What is the pharmacological cation of beta blockers on the eye

Answer 30

Question 31

Explain the mechanism of how beta blockers decrease blood pressure

Answer 31

Question 32

Explain the mechanism of how beta blockers relieve angina and improve exercise tolerance

Answer 32

Question 33

What are the uses of beta blockers

Answer 33

Question 34

What is the precaution of beta blockers

Answer 34

Question 35

Explain the withdrawal syndrome of beta blockers

Answer 35

Question 36

What are the adverse effects of beta blockers

Answer 36

Question 37

Explain why b blockers may mask the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia in patient with tightly controlled diabetes

Answer 37

Question 38

Explain propranolol

Answer 38

Question 39

Explain metoprolol

Answer 39

Question 40

Explain labetalol

Answer 40

Question 41

Explain the significance of the different doses of labetalol

Answer 41

Question 42

What are the uses of labetalol

Answer 42

Question 43

Explain nebivolol

Answer 43

Question 44

Explain the mechanism of action of nebivolol

Answer 44