Antiphospholipid syndrome#

Question 1

What is Antiphospholipid Syndrome?

Answer 1

An acquired disorder associated with antiphospholipid antibodies where blood is prone to clotting

This condition is characterized by an increased risk of thrombosis due to the presence of these antibodies.

Question 2

What is Antiphospholipid Syndrome associated with?

Answer 2

Associated with SLE and Libman Sachs Endocarditis

SLE stands for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, an autoimmune disease.

Question 3

What are some features of Antiphospholipid Syndrome?

Answer 3

• Venous and arterial thromboembolism
• Livedo reticularis
• Thrombocytopenia
• Recurrent miscarriages

These features indicate the various complications and manifestations of the syndrome.

Question 4

How is Antiphospholipid Syndrome diagnosed?

Answer 4

Diagnosed with clinical features alongside prolonged APTT and positive cardiolipin antibodies or lupus anticoagulant

APTT stands for Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time, a blood test that assesses coagulation.

Question 5

How is Antiphospholipid Syndrome managed in patients who are pregnant?

Answer 5

Aspirin + LMWH

LMWH stands for Low Molecular Weight Heparin, which is used to reduce the risk of clotting during pregnancy.

Question 6

How is Antiphospholipid Syndrome managed as primary prophylaxis?

Answer 6

Low dose aspirin

This management is aimed at preventing the first occurrence of thrombotic events.

Question 7

How is Antiphospholipid Syndrome managed as secondary prophylaxis?

Answer 7

Lifelong warfarin, INR 2-3, or 3-4 if recurrent

INR stands for International Normalized Ratio, a measure of blood coagulation that helps monitor anticoagulation therapy.