Multiple Myeloma Flashcards
(10 cards)
What are the features of Multiple Myeloma?
C – Calcium (elevated)
R – Renal failure
A – Anaemia
B – Bone lesions and bone pain
Features are often summarized as CRAB: Calcium elevation, Renal failure, Anemia, and Bone lesions/pain.
What imaging investigations are used for Multiple Myeloma?
X-ray or CT/MRI
These imaging techniques are used to identify osteolytic bone lesions.
What does serum and/or urine electrophoresis show in Multiple Myeloma?
Paraprotein spike (typically IgG)
This test helps identify abnormal proteins produced by plasma cells.
What is a significant finding in the serum free light chain test for Multiple Myeloma?
Abnormal levels of free light chains
This test can help diagnose and monitor the disease.
What management is required for acute renal failure in Multiple Myeloma?
Swift treatment of volume depletion and early involvement of renal physicians
Prompt management is crucial to prevent further kidney damage.
What is the treatment for hypercalcaemia in Multiple Myeloma?
Fluid and bisphosphonates
These treatments help manage elevated calcium levels in the blood.
What is required for hyperviscosity in Multiple Myeloma?
Plasmapheresis
This procedure is used to remove excess proteins from the blood.
What is the emergency treatment for spinal cord compression in Multiple Myeloma?
Radiotherapy
This is a critical intervention to relieve compression symptoms.
What type of transplant may be considered in the management of Multiple Myeloma?
Haematopoietic stem cell transplant
This can be part of the treatment plan for eligible patients.
What is Multiple Myeloma?
A malignant plasma cell cancer characterised by abnormal clonal proliferation of post-germinal B cells (plasma cells) that secrete paraproteins (an immunoglobulin or part of an immunoglobulin, such usually the light chain)
This condition leads to the overproduction of abnormal antibodies.
