aorta

Question 1

aorta

Answer 1

1. asc
2. a. arch
3. desc. (thoracic + abd aorta)

Question 2

asc. aorta

Answer 2

contained in pericardial sac
–> cov. by visceral layer of serous pericardium.

O: level of aortic orifice, at 3d left costal cartilage
-ascends obliquely to the right, to level 2nd right costal cartilage

relations:
-pulm. artery + right pulm artery
-SVC
-right auricle

branches:
right + left coronary aa

Question 3

aortic arch

Answer 3

in superior mediastinum
-is a cont. of asc. aorta, out of pericardial sac.
-begins hjá 2nd right costal cartilage
-svo upwards, backwards og left
—>to level of T3-T4

relations:
-tracheal bifurcation + left principal bronchus + left lung
-left phrenic nerve
-left vagus n + left laryngeal recurrent n.

branches:
-braciocephalic A (w right common carotid a + right subclavian a)
-left common carotid + left subclav aa.

Question 4

descending aorta

Answer 4

from T3/4 to L4
-aortic hiatus at T12
-aortic bifurcation at L4

-thoracic aorta: in post. mediastinum
-abd. aorta: in retroperitoneal space, terminal br right/left common iliac aa.

Question 5

thoracic aorta

Answer 5

in posterior mediastinum
T3/4-T12
-fyrst hjá left side of v.column
at it’s termination directly in front of v.column

relations:
-heart in pericardium + left lung
-esophagus
-thoracic duct + hemiazygos vein

branches:
(parietal br for thoracic wall):
-posterior intercostal aa
-superior phrenic aa

(visceral br for organs):
-esophageal br
-bronchial br
-mediastinal br
-pericardial br

Question 6

abdominal aorta

Answer 6

in retroperitoneal space
-begins hja aortic hiatus T12, diaphragmat hiatus
-desc in front of v.column
-ends at L4, slightly to left of midline

relations:
-IVC + left renal vein
-duodenum + pancreas
-lumbar l.nodes
-nervous plx, abd aortic plx

parietal branches:
-inferior phrenic a
-lumbar aa
-median sacral A

visceral br (paired branches):
-middle suprarenal aa
-renal aa
-gonadal aa (testicular/ovarian aa)

unpaired br:
-coeliac (celiac) trunk
-superior mesenteric A
-inferior mesenteric A

terminal br:
right og left common iliac aa

Question 7

subclavian a

Answer 7

runs in superior mediastinum
-above cupula pleura
-above first rib, thru scalenic fissure
(milli ant og med scalenic mm)

acc. by brachial plx in scalenic fissure

3 parts:
1. intrascalenic p: medial to fissure
2. interscalenic p. : w.in fissure
3. extrascalenic p: laterally to fissure

Question 8

subclav artery parts

Answer 8

intrascalenic:
1.vertebral a.
2. internal thoracic a
3. thyrocervical trunk

interscalenic:
1. costocervical trunk

extrascalenic:
1. a. transverse colli