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Testing123 > Peritoneum > Flashcards

Peritoneum Flashcards

1
Q

Peritoneum: parietal og visceral

A
  • Parietal perit, lines ant+post+lateral walls of peritoneal cavity(abd and pelvic cavities)
  • Visceral perit, lines intraperiton. organs
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2
Q

Peritoneum histology

A

Single layer flat mesothelial cells (free surface), supported by submesothelial CT

1) Parietal perit, LOOSELY conn to abd + pelvic walls by subserous fascia(submesothelial CT)
- ->allows nokkuð alterations in size of rectum og bladder

  • Parietal perit, FIRMLY fused to diaphragm.
    2) Visceral perit, FIRMLY att. to surf of organs. Forms the serous coat (tunica serosa) of organs
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3
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A
  • narrow space milli parietal og visceral perit.
  • small amount of peritoneal(serous) fluid, to allow mobile viscera to glide
  • amount of fluid can increase td inflammatory conditions or tumors
  • contains NO GAS under normal circumst.
  • It has large surface area –> g ýtt undir spread of disease thru perit. cav and visceral surfaces
  • g verið, administering some therapeutic solutions og procedures (t.d peritoneal dialysis)
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3
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A
  • narrow space milli parietal og visceral perit.
  • small amount of peritoneal(serous) fluid, to allow mobile viscera to glide
  • amount of fluid can increase td inflammatory conditions or tumors
  • contains NO GAS under normal circumst.
  • It has large surface area –> g ýtt undir spread of disease thru perit. cav and visceral surfaces
  • g verið, administering some therapeutic solutions og procedures (t.d peritoneal dialysis)
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4
Q

INTRAPERITONEAL ORGANS

A
  • completely cov. by visceral peritoneum
  • conn to abd or pelvic walls by peritoneal folds/duplications (t.d omenta og mesenteries) and carrying blood vessels, nerves and lymphatics.
  1. abd. p of esophagus
  2. stomach
  3. liver
  4. spleen
  5. jejunum, ileum
  6. caecum, vermiform appendix
  7. transv. colon og sigmoid colon
  8. uterus og uterine tubes
  9. ovaries.
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5
Q

RETROPERITONEAL ORGANS

A
  • They lie behind the peritoneum
  • They lie in front of post. abd or pelvic wall
  • only partially (anteriorly) cov. by peritoneum
  1. Supraren
  2. Abd. aorta
  3. duodenum
  4. pancreas
  5. ureters
  6. colon (asc og desc)
  7. kidneys
  8. Abd aorta og IVC
  9. rectum
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6
Q

PREPERITONEAL ORGANS

A

Only a filled urinary bladder (in front of parietal peritoneum and behind ant abd. wall)

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7
Q

SUBPERITONEAL ORGANS

A
  • these organs are in lesser pelvis, below the parietal peritoneum.

Male: empty urinary bladder, seminal vesicle, prostate, urethra
Female: empty urinary bladder, vagina og urethra

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8
Q

Peritoneal folds

A

Eru omenta, mesenteries og ligaments

  • They conn. organs to abd wall, or to each other
  • They have vessels + nerves to supply the viscera, or to help maintain proper positioning of viscera

*These folds develop from the original dorsal og ventral mesenteries, which suspend the developing GI tract in the developing coelemic cavity.

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9
Q

Greater omentum

A
  • two layered peritoneal apron
  • arises from gr. curvature of stomach, and drapes over transv. colon, jejunum og ileum (freely suspended)
  • has accumulation of fat
  • has right+left gastroomental vessels
  • Thicker + upper part forms gastrocolic ligg
  • derived from dorsal mesentery
  • Policeman of abdomen: can migrate to any inflamed area and wrap around organ to enclose inflamation.
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10
Q

Lesser omentum

A
  • er two layered peritoneal fold
  • from lesser curvature of stomach and upper p of duodenum to inf. surf of liver
  • medial part; hepatogastric ligg (milli stomach og liver)
  • lateral part; hepatoduodenal ligg (milli duodenum og liver)
  • Hepatoduodenal ligg:
    a) Portal vein - posteriorly
    b) proper hepatic artery - anteriorly on left side
    c) bile duct - anteriorly on right side
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11
Q

Mesentery

A
  • er fan shaped, double layered fold of peritoneum
  • conn. jejunum og ileum to post. abd. wall
  • frá duodenojejunal flxure to iliocaecal junction
  • contains vessels, nerves + lymphatics sem supplya jejunum og ileum

*crosses: abd aorta, IVC and right ureter

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11
Q

Mesentery

A
  • er fan shaped, double layered fold of peritoneum
  • conn. jejunum og ileum to post. abd. wall
  • ROOT frá duodenojejunal flxure to iliocaecal junction
  • contains vessels, nerves + lymphatics sem supplya jejunum og ileum

*crosses: abd aorta, IVC and right ureter

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12
Q

Transverse mesocolon

A
  • er double layered fold of peritoneum
  • conn. transv. colon to post. abd wall
  • ROOT crosses desc p of duodenum and pancreas
  • between its layers are the middle colic arteries, veins, nerves and lymp. supplya transv. colon
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13
Q

Supramesocolic and Inframesocolic p. of peritoneal cavity

A

ROOT of transv mesocolon divides peritoneal cav. into–>

1) supramesocolic part (organs there supplied by coeliac A)
2) inframesocolic part (organs there supplied by sup og inf mesenteric arteries)

*duodenum og pancreas eru supplied by coeliac artery and superior mesenteric artery

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13
Q

Supramesocolic and Inframesocolic p. of peritoneal cavity

A

ROOT of transv mesocolon divides peritoneal cav. into–>

1) supramesocolic part (organs there supplied by coeliac A)
2) inframesocolic part (organs there supplied by sup og inf mesenteric arteries)

*duodenum og pancreas eru supplied by coeliac artery and superior mesenteric artery

14
Q

Sigmoid mesocolon

A
  • er inverted, V-shaped, double layered peritoneal fold
  • att sigmoid colon to abd.wall
  • crosses left gonadal vessels, left iliac vessels and left ureter
  • has sigmoid and superior rectal vessels. Along with nerves + lymp.
15
Q

Peritoneal conn. of liver

A

Falciform ligg: peritoneal fold, ext from umblicus to liver
-it contains the fibrous round/teres ligg of liver (remnant of umbl.vein), it runs on inf surf of liver

  • liver is conn. to ant.abd wall by falciform ligg. and coronary ligaments.
  • The falciform ligg cont. on the diaphragm. surf of liver into the coronary ligg (sem borda bare area) og att. liver to diaphragm
16
Q

Parietal peritoneum of ant.abd. wall

A
  • is folded by some embryonic remnants milli umblicus og pubic bone
  • under peritoneum of ant.abd wall, milli bladder og umblicus::

a) middle umblical fold: due to middle umbl. ligg (remnant of urachus)
b) medial umbl. fold: elevated by medial umbl. ligg (remnant of umbl. artery)
c) lateral umbl fold: elevated by inf. epigastric vessels.

17
Q

In pelvis females peritoneal folds

A
  • uterus conn. to lateral pelvic walls by perit. fold = broad ligg of uterus
  • ovary conn. to post. surf of broad ligament of uterus by the Mesovary
18
Q

Peritoneal cavity division into sacs

A

a) Lesser sac/omental bursa; narrow cavity behind stomach og below liver
b) Greater sac; rest of peritoneal cavity

19
Q

Lesser sac/omental bursa boundaries

A
  • superiorly: liver
  • inferiorly; transverse colon
  • anteriorly; lesser omentum, STOMACH, og origin of gr. omentum
  • posteriorly; pancreas, upper p left kidney, left supraren og transverse mesocolon

-laterally, the bursa ext from: epiploic foramen(on right) to hilum of spleen (on left)

20
Q

Epiploic foramen (of Winslow)

A
  • omental bursa communicates w. greater sac thru epiploic foramen

Borders:

  • superiorly: liver
  • anteriorly; hepatoduodenal ligg
  • inferiorly; sup. p of duodenum
  • posteriorly; IVC (cov w peritoneum)
20
Q

Epiploic foramen (of Winslow)

A
  • omental bursa communicates w. greater sac thru epiploic foramen

Borders:

  • superiorly: liver
  • anteriorly; hepatoduodenal ligg
  • inferiorly; sup. p of duodenum
  • posteriorly; IVC (cov w peritoneum)
20
Q

Epiploic foramen (of Winslow)

A
  • omental bursa communicates w. greater sac thru epiploic foramen

Borders:

  • superiorly: liver
  • anteriorly; hepatoduodenal ligg
  • inferiorly; sup. p of duodenum
  • posteriorly; IVC (cov w peritoneum)

Testing123 (36 decks)

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