Autoimmune and Musculoskeletal Disorders

Question 1

Lupus Erythematosis

Answer 1

can affect any organ system
triad of fever, joint pain, malar rash (butterfly pattern)
mainly in women but severe in men

Question 2

Etiology of Lupus

Answer 2

unknown

has antinuclear Abs (ANAs) and immune complexes that cause tissue damage

Question 3

Systemic Lupus

Answer 3

70%

Question 4

Discoid Lupus

Answer 4

10%
only affects skin
chronic eruptions and scarring

Question 5

Drug Induced Lupus

Answer 5

10%

symptoms stop after stop taking drug

Question 6

Causes of Death in Lupus

Answer 6

cardiovascular disease
renal failure
infections

Question 7

ANA Test

Answer 7

sensitive to lupus but not specific

Question 8

Anti-dsDNA Test

Answer 8

specific to lupus, bad prognosis

Question 9

Anti-Sm

Answer 9

specific to lupus, not prognostic

Question 10

Lupus can cause a false _________ test

Answer 10

RPR/ VDRL
FTA/ ABS
syphillis screeners

Question 11

Lupus Ocular Findings

Answer 11

dry eye
episcleritis
keratitis
photosensitivity
uveitis
CRAO

Question 12

Drugs that can cause lupus

Answer 12

Quietly Induce Harmful Pathology
Quinidine (Cardiac)
Isoniazid (TB)
Hydralazine (cardiac)
Procainamide (cardiac)

Question 13

What is unique about drug induced lupus?

Answer 13

transient ANA, so no anti- Sm

wont confirm on tests

Question 14

Vasculitis

Answer 14

inflammed vessel wall that can occlude

Question 15

Giant Cell Arteritis

Answer 15

affects large and medium arteries- aorta and ophthalmic a

blindness

Question 16

Polyarteritis nodosum

Answer 16

lesions of small or medium aa

cotton wool spots on back of eye

Question 17

Scleroderma

Answer 17

systemic fibrosis
tight/ shiny scarred skin
pulmonary issues can cause death

Question 18

Scleroderma patients will test….

Answer 18

ANA +

Question 19

Diffuse Scleroderma

Answer 19

widespread skin involvement, rapid progression to viscera

20% die in 10 years

Question 20

Limited Scleroderma

Answer 20

skin, fingers, face

CREST Syndrome

Question 21

CREST Syndrome

Answer 21

Calcinosis
Raynaud phenomenon
Esophageal Dysmotility
Sclerodactyly
Telangiectasia

Question 22

Calcinosis

Answer 22

formation of calcium deposits on soft tissue

Question 23

Raynaud Phenomenon

Answer 23

vasospasm in digits
white - blue - red
overreactive to cold

Question 24

Sclerodactyly

Answer 24

thickening and tightening of skin on fingers and toes

Question 25

Telangiectasia

Answer 25

small, dilated vessels near skin or mucus membrane surface

Question 26

Diffuse/ Bad Scleroderma Test

Answer 26

Anti-Scl-70 +

Question 27

Limited/ Benign Scleroderma Test

Answer 27

Anti- centromere AB

Question 28

Ocular implications of scleroderma

Answer 28

lacrimal glands

Question 29

Sjogren Syndrome

Answer 29

autoimmune disease causing destruction of exocrine glands | dry mouth, dry eyes, arthritis

Question 30

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 30

inflammatory disease of joints of hands, feet, wrists | affects PIPs

Question 31

Hypersensitivity for RA

Answer 31

4- TNF and IL-2 | 3- osteoclasts destroy bone and PMN destroy hyaluronic acid

Question 32

Rheumatoid Factor (RF)

Answer 32

diagnose RA- in joints | Ab (IgM) specific to Fc

Question 33

RA Ocular Manifestations

Answer 33

``` Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (15-25%) Scleromalacia perforans (15%) ```

Question 34

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Answer 34

ANA +; RNF - in 50% | most common cause of uveitis in children (80%)

Question 35

Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

Answer 35

arthritis w/o RA associated with HLA-B27 causes back pain and uveitis

Question 36

Psoriatic Arthritis

Answer 36

skin psoriasis and nail bed pitting red plaque-like lesions on scalp, elbows, knees uveitis

Question 37

Ankylosing Spondylitis

Answer 37

bamboo spine | uveitis

Question 38

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Answer 38

20% have if have spondyloarthritis

Question 39

Reactive Arthritis

Answer 39

conjunctivitis/ uveitis, urethritis, arthritis | postvenereal and postdysenteric

Question 40

Sarcoidosis

Answer 40

uveitis and hypercalcemia mainly in african americans granuloma skin lesions, pulmonary infiltrates