B3.1/B3.2/B3.3 - Digestion

Question 1

cells

Answer 1

the basic building blocks of life

Question 2

tissues

Answer 2

a group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function

Question 3

organs

Answer 3

a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function

Question 4

Example of multiple types of tissues in one organ

Answer 4

stomach:
-muscular tissue
-glandular tissue
-epithelial tissue

Question 5

muscular tissue in the stomach

Answer 5

churns food

Question 6

glandular tissue in the stomach

Answer 6

produces digestive juices

Question 7

epithelial tissue in the stomach

Answer 7

covers inside/outside of organ

Question 8

organ system

Answer 8

a group of organs that depend on each other to carry out their function

Question 9

example of organ systems

Answer 9

-digestive system
-circulatory system

Question 10

organism

Answer 10

all the organ systems work together to allow full function

Question 11

digestive system

Answer 11

where food is digested and absorbed

Question 12

Pancreas functions

Answer 12

1 - makes hormones o control blood sugar
2 - produces some enzymes to digest food

Question 13

How is he pancreas able to perform many functions

Answer 13

it produces secretions for its functions from two different types of tissue

Question 14

Adaptations of small intestine

Answer 14

-villi
-small folds
-good blood supply
-cell-thick layer

Question 15

villi purpose in small intestine

Answer 15

internal surface is covered with millions of this
-increases surface area for diffusion

Question 16

good blood supply purpose in small intestine

Answer 16

-maintains concentration gradient for diffusion

Question 17

cell-thick layer purpose in small intestine

Answer 17

allows short distance for diffusion

Question 18

carbohydrates

Answer 18

-provide fuel for metabolic reactions
-used in cellular respiration
-contains hydrogen, oxygen, carbon

Question 19

simple sugars

Answer 19

-carbohydrates with one or two sugar units

Question 20

eg of simple sugars

Answer 20

glucose

Question 21

complex carbohydrates

Answer 21

-made up of long chains of simple sugars bonded together

Question 22

eg of complex carbs

Answer 22

-starch
-cellulose

Question 23

Lipids

Answer 23

-fats (solid form) or oils (liquid form)

Question 24

purpose of lipids in body

Answer 24

• most efficient energy store
• makes cell membranes, hormones, nervous system

Question 25

Lipid structure

Answer 25

-3 molecules of fatty acids -1 molecule of glycerol

Question 26

Proteins use

Answer 26

-structural component of cells/tissues -base of all enzymes -hormones -antibodies

Question 27

protein molecule structure

Answer 27

-long chains of small units (amino acids) -different arrangements = diff protein

Question 28

peptide bonds

Answer 28

bonds between amino acids in a protein molecule

Question 29

carbohydrase

Answer 29

-digests carbohydrates -breaks them down into simple sugars

Question 30

protease

Answer 30

-digests proteins into amino acids -found in stomach/small intestine

Question 31

where is protease produces

Answer 31

small intestine pancreas

Question 32

eg of carbohydrase

Answer 32

amylase in saliva

Question 33

eg of protease

Answer 33

pepsin in stomach

Question 34

lipase

Answer 34

-breaks lipids into fatty acids and glycerol -found in small intestine

Question 35

where is lipase produced

Answer 35

pancreas small intestine

Question 36

how does bile assist digestion of lipids

Answer 36

-as they are big molecules -bile breaks lipids down into small fat droplets -bile emulsifies the fat in your food

Question 37

Food test for carbohydrates starch

Answer 37

-iodine test -yellow to black

Question 38

Food test for carbohydrates sugar

Answer 38

-benedict's solution with a heat bath -blue to red

Question 39

Food test for proteins

Answer 39

-biuret test -blue to purple

Question 40

Food test for lipids

Answer 40

-ethanol -clear to cloudy