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GIR Test 2 > B5-007 GI Infections > Flashcards

B5-007 GI Infections Flashcards

(83 cards)

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1
Q

causes of acute viral gastroenteritis

3

A
  • norovirus
  • rotovirus
  • adenovirus
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2
Q

non-bloody, non-inflammatory diarrhea

fecal leukocyte negative

A

acute viral gastroenteritis

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3
Q

“winter vomiting disease”

A

norovirus

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4
Q

SS RNA, linear, non-enveloped

A

norovirus

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5
Q

frequently associated with food service workers

A

norovirus

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6
Q

food service workers should avoid handling food for […] after resolution of symptoms

A

2 days

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7
Q

at risk populations for norovirus

A

close quarters
* military
* cruise ships
* dorms
* school age children

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8
Q

can withstand freezing, heating, chlorine, alcohol

A

norovirus

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9
Q

DS RNA, segmented, nonenveloped

A

rotavirus

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10
Q

late winter/early spring
peaks in early march

A

rotavirus

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11
Q

at risk populations for rotavirus

A

children under 5
particularly 6 mo-2 years

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12
Q

causes villous destruction and atrophy leading to decreased Na+ absorption and loss of K+

A

rotavirus

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13
Q

who should be vaccinated for rotavirus?

A

ALL infants except those with hx of intussusception or SCID

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14
Q

is the rotavirus vaccine live attenuated?

A

yes

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15
Q

DS DNA, linear nonenveloped

A

adenovirus

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16
Q

which adenovirus serotypes cause gastroenteritis?

A

40, 41

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17
Q

other clinical manifestations include conjunctivitis, upper and lower RTIs, and hemmorhagic cystis

A

adenovirus

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18
Q

which populations are at risk for adenovirus?

A

children

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19
Q

which protozoa covered is not free living?

A

trichomonas

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20
Q

eosinophilia absent indicates..

A

protozoal infection

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21
Q

active feeding forms of protozoa

A

trophozoites

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22
Q

environmentally resistant forms of protozoa

A

cysts

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23
Q

preferred method of diagnosis for giardia and cryptosporidium

A

stool antigen (ELISA)

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24
Q

what diagnostic test may be useful for entamoeba?

A

serum antibody

pretty much useless for anything else though

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25
* bloody diarrhea * RUQ pain * anchovy paste liver abscess | name the protozoa!
entamoeba histolytica
26
flask shaped ulcer on colon biopsy | name the protozoa!
entamoeba histolytica
27
entamoeba eats [...]
erythrocytes | trophozoites ingest RBCs
28
treatment for entamoeba histolytica
metronidazole (asymptomatic cyst passers: paromomycin, idoquinol pregnancy: paromomycin)
29
aka Beaver Fever due to association with campers/hikers drinking freshwater
giardia lamblia
30
* bloating * flatulence * foul smelling, **fatty**, non-bloody diarrhea
giardia lamblia | ghirardelli makes me fat = giardia fatty diarrhea
31
treatment for giardia lamblia
metronidazole
32
in immunocompetent hosts, presents with mild watery diarrhea but in AIDS patients presents with severe diarrhea with wasting
cryptosporidium
33
associated outbreaks with pools and water parks, daycares
cryptosporidium
34
treatment for cyptosporidum
prevention nitazoxanide if AIDS -> ART
35
* abrupt onset * watery diarrhea, explosive * nausea, ABD cramping | protozoa
cyclospora
36
recent outbreaks associated with berries and herbs
cyclospora
37
treatment cyclospora
trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
38
5 micrometers
cryptosporidium
39
10 micrometers
cyclospora
40
* watery diarrhea * nausea, ABD cramping * AIDS patients -> chronic diarrhea with wasting * occular keratoconjunctivitis
microsporidia
41
2 micrometers
microsporidium
42
treatment microspordia
albendazole fumagillin
43
* foul smelling, green discharge * itching, burning
trichomonas vaginalis
44
* cannot exist outside of humans * STI
trichomonas vaginalis | does not form cysts
45
* diagnosed via wet mount or molecular testing * **molecular testing is superior**
trichomonas vaginalis
46
punctate cervical hemorrhages | strawberry cervix
trichomonas vaginalis
47
treatment for trichomonas vaginalis
metronidazole for both partners screen for other STIs
48
>3 loose or watery stools in a 24 hour period
diarrhea
49
* visible blood or mucus in diarrhea * associated with fever, abdominal pain
dysentery
50
less than 14 days duration
acute diarrhea
51
15-30 days duration
persistent diarrhea
52
greater than 30 days duration
chronic diarrhea
53
incubation period <6 hours symptom duration 24 hours lots of vomiting | indicates...
preformed toxins
54
incubation period 1-2 days symptom duration 2-4 days some vomiting leukocyte/lactorferrin negative RBCs negative
viral
55
incubation period 1-2 days symptom duration 5-7 days no vomiting leukocyte/lactorferrin +/- RBCs +/- maybe fever
baterial
56
incubation period days-weeks symptom duration weeks-months leukocyte/lactorferrin negative RBCs negative
protozoal | except ameibiasis which can cause dystentery
57
cause classic case of toxigenic gastroenteritis due to fried rice | 2
S. aureus B. cereus
58
if the patient has been in the hospital more than 3 days, think...
C. diff
59
transmitted commonly by food service workers
norovirus
60
unwashed produce may lead you to think..
cyclosporidium
61
contaminated ice in drink may lead you to think...
crypto
62
* vomiting * non-bloody diarrhea * symptoms resolve about 36 hours * friends with same virus
norovirus
63
* non-bloody, non inflammatory diarrhea * +++vomiting * short duration
acute viral gastroenteritis
64
SS RNA linear non enveloped
norovirus
65
are enveloped or non-enveloped viruses more environmentally stable?
non-enveloped
66
DS RNA, non enveloped
Rotavirus
67
DS DNA, non enveloped
adenovirus
68
associated with water parks
cryptosporidium
69
4-6 micrometers
cryptosporidium
70
cryptosporidium oocysts are [...] mm
4-6
71
cyclospora oocysts are [...] mm
8-10
72
large, pear shaped binucleate trophozoites with flagella
giardia
73
giardia infections are transmitted by consumption of the [...] form
cyst
74
associated with animal contact, recreational water, and day care centers
cryptosporidium
75
consumption of contaminated cilantro could be associated with
cylospora
76
GI disease acquired from local drinking stream
giardia
77
* foul smelling diarrhea * flatulence * camping
giardia
78
what kind of test is superior for giardia?
antigen
79
microspordia is about [...] mm
less than 2
80
severly immunocompromised individuals are at risk of developing chronic diarrhea and wasting due to
microsporidia
81
HIV is most commonly associated with
microsporidia
82
why is the rotavirus vaccine contraindicated in SKID patients?
live attenuated
83
cyclospora cryptosporidium and microsporidium oocysts are all
acid-fast

GIR Test 2 (18 decks)

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