B5-055 CBCL Poisoning Flashcards by Felicia Jones

inhibits acetylcholinesterase causing an increase in acetycholine
salivation, bradycardia, miosis

organophosphates

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what is the best antidote for organophosphate overdose?

atropine

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which antidote blocks muscarinic receptors and decreases constant stimulation by ACh?

atropine

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classic signs of anticholinergic OD

organophosphates and carbamates

Salivation
Lacrimations
Urination
Defecation

SLUD

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what is the major long term effect of arsenic poisoning?

cancer

bladder, skin and liver

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which major organ system is more affected in children with chronic lead exposure?

CNS

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causes developmental delays, behavioral issues, and learning/memory problems in children

lead

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what is the major effect of dietary supplements on prescription medicines?

changes in pharmacokinetics

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St Johns wart is an […] of CYP34A and p-gp

inducer

faster metabolism

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parethesia
muscle twitching
ataxia
hearing/vision impairment
dark line on gums

pick your poison :)

mercury

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what type of poisoning is associated with high fresh water fish diets?

mercury

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vomiting
abdominal pain, diarrhea
numbness
tingling of extremeties
muscle cramping

pick your poison :)

acute arsenic

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nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
abdominal pain
flu-like symptoms
kidney damage

pick your poison :)

cadmium

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headaches
numbness in feet and legs
personality changes
anemia

pick your poison :)

lead

adults

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headaches
eye issues
sore throat
anxiety, irritability
insomnia
memory loss
hand tremors

pick your poison :)

manganese

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used for organophosphate poisoning but contraindicated for carbamates

2-PAM

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what antidote is a strong anticholinergic with both central and peripheral actions?

atropine

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used to treat both organophosphate and carbamate poisoning

atropine

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headache
dizziness
confusion
weakness
feeling ill

pick your poison :)

carbon monoxide

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treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning

oxygen
hyperbaric oxygen

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which poison is treated with chelating agents such as succimer?

lead

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[…] oxidize the iron component of RBCs rendering them unable to carry oxygen

nitrates

methemoglobin

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methemoglobin should be treated with

methylene blue

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characteristic pale to blue-gray color of skin

methemoglobin

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succimer is used to treat [...] poisoning

lead ## Footnote `

what test should be ordered in a child exibiting behavioral/learning problems, anorexia, constipation and neuromuscular weakness?

blood lead level

erythrocytic stippling

lead poisoning

CaNaEDTA is used to treat

lead poisoning

what is the antidote for cyanide poisoning?

amyl nitrate

used to treat nitrate poisoning

methylene blue

used to treat ethylene glycol and methanol poisoning

fomepizole

used to treat acetaminophen toxicity

acetylcysteine

cholinesterase inhibitor used to treat toxicity by anticholinergic agents

physostigmine

used for organophosphate poisoning | 2

atropine 2-PAM

* anticholinergic that does not cross BBB * used for dilation of pupil during opthalmic examination

methylatropine

[...] poisoning results in significant renal damage

mercury

can cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

lithium

used to treat arsenic/gold poisoning, mercury poisoning, and lead poisoning

dimercapol

ferrous sulfate poisoning is treated with

deferoxamine

lithium toxicity is treated with

supportive care diazepam for seizures

manganese toxicity is treated with

disodium EDTA

uncontrolled diarrhea, urination, sweating, constricted pupils | pick your poison :)

organophosphates

* abdominal pain * irritability * generalized weakness * loss of appetite * jaundice * diarrhea, nausea, vomiting | pick your poison :)

acetaminophen

* tinnitus * hyperventilation * vomiting * fever * diplopia * feeling faint | pick your poison :)

aspirin

* confusion * urinary retention * tachycardia * blurry vision * dry mouth * irritability * hallucinations | pick your poison :)

diphenhydramine

* severe dizziness, fainting * hallucinations * tachycardia, irregular beat * slow shallow breathing * vomiting * seizures | pick your poison :)

phenylephrine

* weakness * vomiting, diarrhea * peripheral sensory neuropathy in glove/stocking pattern * loss of hair * hyperpigmentation * Mee's lines on nails * QT prolongation * personality change | pick your poison :)

arsenic

* cough * sore nose/throat * weight loss * labored breathing * anorexia * fatigue | pick your poison :)

beryllium

* flu-like symptoms * osteomalacia * gout * respiratory, renal, liver damage | pick your poison :)

cadmium

* GI symptoms * memory loss * kidney failure * wrist/foot drop * dark line on gums | pick your poison :)

lead | varies based on age

* metallic taste in mouth * numbness/tingling in the hands/feet * mood swings * irritability * kidney damage * tremors/rashes * dark line on gums

mercury

organophosphate carbamates physotigmine nicotine | are all..

anticholinergic agents | cause SLUD symptoms

* abdominal pain * nausea, vomiting * headache * weakness * leg cramps * anemia | pick your poison :)

lead

* headache * dizziness * weakness * vomiting * diarrhea * confusion * angina * seizures | pick your poison :)

carbon monoxide

* stomatitis * emotional instability * hallucinations * delusions * course, jerky movements | pick your poison :)

mercury

* vomiting * abdominal pain, diarrhea * numbness * tingling of extremities * muscle cramping | pick your poison :)

arsenic

* nausea, vomiting * diarrhea, abdominal pain * flu-like symptoms * kidney damage | pick your poison :)

cadmium

* headaches * numbness in feet/legs * personality changes * anemia | pick your poison :)

lead

* headaches * eye issues * sore throat * anxiety * irritability * insomnia * memory loss * hand tremors | pick your poison :)

manganese

* irritability * memory loss * shyness, depression * uncontrable blushing * insomnia * tremor * gingivitis * stomatitis | pick your poison :)

mercury

* vomiting, abdominal pain * diarrhea * numbness, tingling of extremities * muscle cramping * death in extreme cases | pick your poison :)

arsenic

* nausea, vomiting, diarrhea * abdominal pain * flu like symptoms * kidney damage | pick your poison :)

cadmium

used to alkalize the urine to increase the excretion of weak acids

sodium bicarbonate

calcium gluconate is used to treat

manganese toxicity

deferoxamine is used to treat

iron overdose

dimercapol is used to treat | 4

arsenic gold mercury lead poisonings

peripheral neuropathy and Mee's lines are signs of

arsenic poisoning

* vomiting * hematemesis * hypotension * melena * coma * jaundice | pick your poison :)

copper

indicated for oral ingestion of potentially life-threatening substances while the agent is still in the stomach

gastric lavage

used to treat seizures

diazepam

indicated when time since ingestion is less than 2 hr

activated charcoal

can replace calcium in bones and gums

mercury

* loose teeth * tremors * uncontrollable blushing * hallucinations * delusions | pick your poison :)

mercury

* headaches * eye issues * sore throat * anxiety * irritability * insomnia * memory loss * hand tremors | pick your poison :)

manganese

* skin pigmentation changes * palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis * GI symptoms * anemia * liver disease | pick your poison :)

arsenic

* effects bone marrow * decreased RBCs * excessive bleeding * decreased immune response | pick your poison :)

benzene

* abdominal pain * colic * constipation | pick your poison :)

lead

basophillic erythrocyte stippling

lead poisoning

elevated erythrocyte proporphyrin

lead poisoning

is organic or inorganic aresenic more toxic?

inorganic

dilated pupils

mydriasis

pinpoint pupils

miosis

classic toxidrome for amphetamine overdose

mydriasis hypertension tachycardia seizure

* tachycardia * dry mouth * OT prolongation with torsade | pick your poison :)

amitriptyline

* tachycardia * hypertension * hyperthermia * tachypnea * mydriasis * diaphoresis * seizures * psychoses | pick your poison :)

amphetamines

* nausea, vomiting * agitation * tremors * drowsiness * rapid eye movements * tachycardia * seizures | pick your poison :)

fluoxetine

* bradycardia * dizziness * trembling | pick your poison :)

beta blockers

plotted to determine the percent of a specific cohort that is affected by a specific end point at a given dose

quantal

refers to biphasic dose response to an enviornmental agent characterized by a low dose stimulation or beneficial effect and a high dose inhibitory/toxic effect

hormetic

used to determine dose dependent increase in toxicity to number of doses

individual response curve

curve that has little to no lag phase and intersects the x axis close to the origin

non-threshold response curve

calculation for therapeutic index

TI=TD50/ED50

B5-055 CBCL Poisoning Flashcards

(93 cards)