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Bacteriology- Miscellaneous Flashcards

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1
Q

Which organism is called pfeiffer bacillus?

A

H. influenzae

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2
Q

Virulence factor of H. influenzae

A

Outer membrane protein
pili
Lipooligosaccharides
Capsular polysaccharides (only Hib)

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3
Q

Treatment for H. influenzae

A

Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone

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4
Q

Satellitism

A

Shown by H influenzae
Requires factor V and X
In the center- S. aureus
S aureus causes hemolysis– release of factors- H influenza growns

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5
Q

Culture media for H. ducreyi

A

Chocolate agar supplemented with isovitalex, fetal calf serum

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6
Q

Treatment for H. ducreyi

A

Azithromycin

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7
Q

Factor V and X requirement by different Hemophilus species

A

H. influenzae, H. aegypticus, H. hemolyticus requires both
H. ducreyi requires X only
H. parahemolyticus requires V only

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8
Q

Whooping cough is aka

A

100 day cough

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9
Q

Stages of whooping cough

A

Catarrhal- dry cough, fever, maximum infectivity
Paroxysmal- whoop cough
Convalescent- recovery stage

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10
Q

Pertussis toxin MOA

A

Increased cAMP

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11
Q

Treatment of whooping cough

A

Azithromycin
Erythromycin

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12
Q

Prevention of whooping cough

A

Acellular vaccine
Has FHA, AGG, PT, PERT

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13
Q

Culture media used for Bordatella
What is its appearance?

A

Bordet gengou medium
Bisected pearls/ mercury drops appearance
Aluminium paint appearance on confluence

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14
Q

Appearance of Bordatella on microscopy

A

Thumb print appearance

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15
Q

Brucella catalase, oxidase, urease status

A

All are positive

‘COU positive’

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16
Q

Triad of Brucella

A

Night sweats
Arthritis
HSM

Platelets may be decreased

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17
Q

Diagnosis of Brucella in animals

A

Milk ring test- purple color ring +

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18
Q

Diagnosis of Brucella in humans

A

Standard agglutination test
Detects IgM and IgG antibodies
IgM antibodies are destroyed using 2-Mercaptoethanol

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19
Q

Treatment of Brucella

A

Doxycycline x 45 days + Streptomycin IM daily x 14 days

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20
Q

Difference in structure between Treponema, Borrelia, Leptospira

A

Treponema- Tight coils
Borrelia- Loose spirals
Leptospira- hooked ends

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21
Q

Primary syphillis features

A

Painless ulcer, hard chancre, painless LN

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22
Q

Secondary syphillis features

A

condylomata lata
rash

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23
Q

Tertiary syphillis features

A

Gumma (granuloma)
Tree bark aorta, AR
Paresis

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24
Q

Microscopy of T. pallidum

A

Dark field microscope
Silver impregnation- Levaditi, Fontana stain

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25
Non specific diagnostic vs specific tests for syphillis
Non specific- Wasserman test, Kahn test, VDRL, RPR Specific- FTA-ABS, TPPA, TPHA, TPI
26
VDRL vs RPR
VDRL requires a serum (which needs preheating), It requires cardiolipin ag (should be used within 24 hrs) It is a slide agglutination test RPR is a card test. None of these are required
27
What is cardiolipin ag?
It is a purified lipid extract of beef heart + lecithin + cholesterol
28
Which test is more sensitive in primary syphilis?
RPR is more sensitive than VDRL in early infection.
29
Which test is used for neurosyphilis?
VDRL is preferred for CSF analysis (RPR is not validated for CSF).
30
Most sensitive specific/ confirmatory test for syphillis?
FTA-ABS
31
Most specific among the specific tests for syphillis
TPI > TPPA
32
Treatment for syphillis
Benzathine penicillin
33
Borrelia can cause what diseases?
Epidemic louse borne relapsing fever- by B. recurrentis Endemic tick born relapsing fever by B. duttoni
34
Treatment of Borrelia
Tetracyclines, Chloramphenicol Collect blood sample during fever
35
Borrelia vincentii causes
Vincent's angina
36
Leptospira causes
Weil's disease/ Hepatorenal syndrome/ Ictero-Hemorrhagic fever
37
On culture of Leptospira on ____ medium, it produces ______
EMJH Dinger's ring (opaque ring just below surface of media seen on 9th day of culture)
38
Diagnosis of Leptospira
Microscopic Agglutination test
39
Chlamydia are called ATP parasites because
It takes ATP from host cells
40
Chlamydia is an atypical bacteria because
It has no peptidoglycan cell wall It cannot be cultured
41
Chlamydia has ______ inclusions
Basophilic bacterial inclusions
42
2 forms of chlamydia
Elementary body- for entry/ exit of cell- has DNA=RNA Reticulate body- for replication- has RNA> DNA
43
C. trachomatis causing diseases
C. trachomatis serotypes A, B, Ba, C causes trachoma C. trachomatis serotypes D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K causes Non gonococcal urethritis, Inclusion conjunctivitis, Ophthalmia neonatorum C. trachomatis serotypes L1, L2, L3 causes Lymphogranuloma venereum
44
Borrelia causes
Borrelia burgdorferi causes Lyme disease Borrelia causes relapsing fever
45
Lyme disease is transmitted by bite of
Ixodid ticks/ hard ticks
46
Localised infection of Lyme disease appearance
Bull's eye/ annular/ target rash (Erythema chronicum migrans)
47
Lymphogranuloma venereum
'ABCDEFG' Asymptomatic usually Buboes- painful LN C. trachomatis L1, L2, L3; Conjunctivitis, Urethritis, Polyarthritis (Reiter's syndrome) Doxycycline tx Esthiomene- rectal and vulvar strictures + Freis test (skin test for LGV), Complication: Fitz Hugh Curtis Syndrome Groove sign
48
C. pneumoniae has one strain called
TWAR strain
49
Halber staeder bodies seen in
Trachoma
49
Rash in rickettsia start from ____ and goes to ____
Trunk--> peripheries except RMSF- peripheries to trunk
49
Levinthal Cole Lille bodies seen in
C. psittaci
50
Rickettsiae causing diseases and their causative species with vectors Epidemic typhus Endemic typhus Rickettsial pox RMSF Indian tick typhus African tick typhus Scrub typhus
Epidemic typhus- R. prowazekii- louse Endemic typhus- R. typhi- flea Rickettsial pox- R. akari- mite RMSF- R. rickettsii- tick Indian tick typhus- R. conori- tick African tick typhus- R. africase- tick Scrub typhus- Orientia tsutsugamushi- mite
51
Brill Zinsser disease
Recrudescent typhus/ reactivation typhus a/w Epidemic typhus
52
Neil Mooser reaction
AKA Tunica reaction To differentiate R. prowazekii vs R. typhi infection Blood inoculated in guinea pig--> scrotal inflammation if R. typhi +
53
Scrub typhus is vectored by larvae of ___ called _____. They are found in ____, carried by ____ and infect humans
Trombiculid mites Chiggers Vegetation/ shrubs Rats/ squirrels
54
Special stains for Rickettsia
Giemsa, Castaneda, Machiavello, Gimenez
55
Chlamydia is not cultured in media because it is _______. It is instead grown in _______.
Obligate Intracellular pathogens Cell lines, Hens eggs
56
Weil felix reaction
Heterophile agglutination reaction To find Rickettsial antibodies, Proteus antigens are used (OX19, OX2, OXK) as they cross react
57
Only Rickettsial organism that shows positivity with OXK antigen in Weil felix reaction
Scrub typhus
58
Rickettsial disease that doesnt show reaction with any antigens in Weil Felix tests
Brill Zinsser reaction
59
Treatment of Rickettsial infections
Doxycycline/ Tetracycline
60
Coxiella burnetii
Belongs to Rickettsia Intracellular parasite No vector, rash or Weil Felix reaction Causes Q fever Infection by inhalation Donut granuloma/ Fibrin ring granuloma present Tetracycline
61
Bartonella baciliformis
Oroya fever/ Carrion fever Sandfly vector
62
Bartonella quintana
5 day fever/ trench fever Louse as vector
63
Bartonella henselae
Cat scratch disease Bacillary angiomatosis Peliosis (sinusoidal dilatation) Stellate granuloma
64
Mycoplasma
aka Eaton's agent Mnemonic: 'Mycoplasma' My- MCCof walking pneumonia, atypical CAP Co- cold agglutination test + Cell wall absent; Cell membrane has sterols Pla- PPLO- Pleuropneumonia like organism, uses PPLO agar which has fried egg colonies. Enhanced by Diene stain Sma- smallest
65
Campylobacter, Helicobacter are
Catalase and Oxidase + Spiral organisms
66
Campylobacter 1. Growth at 2. Media 3. Mode of infection 4. Features 5. shape of organism 6. Motility
1. 42C 2. Campy BAP/ SKIRROW/ BUTZLER agar- droplet like colonies 3. Contaminated poultry eating 4. Diarrhoea, GBS 5. Comma shaped, Gullwing shaped 6. Shooting star/ darting
67
Helicobacter pylori causes maltoma via
cag A vac A
68
H. pylori causes what type of ca?
Adenoca
69
Stains used for H. pylori
Warthin starry silver stain Modified giemsa stain
70
H. influenzae is more common among
In children between 3 mths and 3 years
71
Factor V refers to ____. Factor X refers to ______
NAD Hemin
72
Acute epiglottitis appearance on direct laryngoscopy
Cherry red epiglottis
73
HACEK full form
Hemophilus sp (H. parainfluenzae, H. aphrophilus, H. paraphrophilus) Aggregatibacter Cardiobacterium Eikenella Kingella
74
Chancroid 1. AKA? 2. Diagnosis? 3. Treatment 4. IP
1. Soft chancre 2. Clinical diagnosis 3. Azithromycin/ ceftriaxone 4. 1-14 days
75
Causes of non gonococcal urethritis
C. trachomatis Ureaplasma urealyticum Adenovirus Trichomonas (rare) HSV (rare)
76
Koch Weeks bacillus
H. aegypticus
77
Brazilian purpuric fever 1. caused by 2. Features 3. Treatment
1. H. aegypticus 2. Fever, purpura, contagious conjunctivitis- can lead to fulminant septicemia and death in infants and children 3. Sulfonamides/ gentamicin

Microbiology (19 decks)

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