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Bio > Bio lab exam 2 - study guide > Flashcards

Bio lab exam 2 - study guide Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

Protist

A

Euglena
Volvox
Amoeba
Paramecium

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2
Q

define autotrophic

A

an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide.

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3
Q

define heterotrophic

A

an organism that cannot produce its own food, instead taking nutrition from other sources of organic carbon, mainly plant or animal matter.

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4
Q

Euglena feeding
Protist

A

autotrophic & heterotrophic

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5
Q

Euglena reproduction
Protist

A

asexually, binary fission, some through conjugation (but this is sexual and unfavorable)

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6
Q

Volvox feeding
Protist

A

autotrophic

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7
Q

volvox reproduction
Protist

A

asexually - produces daughter colonies
sexually - forms zygotes that develop into new colonies

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8
Q

amoeba - feeding
Protist

A

heterotrophic

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9
Q

amoeba - reproduction
Protist

A

asexually, binary fission (some can through conjugation, sexually)

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10
Q

paramecium - feeding
Protist

A

heterotrophic

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11
Q

paramecium - reproduction
Protist

A

asexually, binary fission (sexually through conjugation - two individuals swap genetic material)

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12
Q

locomotion of euglena
Protist

A

flagella

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13
Q

locomotion of volvox
Protist

A

flagella

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14
Q

locomotion of amoeba
Protist

A

pseudopodia

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15
Q

locomotion of paramecium
Protist

A

cilia

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16
Q

what is a daughter colony
Protist

A

a newly formed colony in volvox resulting from the reproductive cells known as gonidia

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17
Q

what is a tsetse fly
Protist

A

scientifically known as Glossina, it’s a large, biting fly found in Africa. Most notably known for carrying and transmitting African Sleeping Sickness

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18
Q

What’s African Sleeping Disease
Protist

A

Also known as African Trypanosomiasis, a parasitic disease transmitted to humans through the bite of infected tsetse flys. 2 main forms (1 showing symptoms faster (weeks) is deadlier - rhodesiense, 2 shows symptoms slower (months) is easier to treat - gambiense)

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19
Q

what is osmoregulation and what organelle is responsible
Protist

A

the process by which organisms regulate the concentration of solutes and water in their bodies or cells to maintain internal osmotic balance, CONTRACTILE VACUOLE (CV)

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20
Q

what is a stigma
Protist

A

also known as an eyespot, they help in photoreception (detects light) and cause phototaxis (towards or away from a stimulus of light)

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21
Q

difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic
Protist

A

eukaroyotic contain nucleus and are generally more complex (tissue forming) than prokaryotic cells that don’t contain a nucleus

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22
Q

what is a symbiotic relationship
Protist

A

a close and long term interaction between two different species, where at least one of them benefits from the relationship
- mutualism
- commensalism
- paratism

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23
Q

what are the 3 kinds of symbiotic relationships and what do they mean
Protist

A

MUTUALISM - both species benefit
COMMENSALISM - one species benefits, while the other is neither harmed nor helped
PARATISM - one species benefits at the expense of the other

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24
Q

what is phagocytoces
Protist

Study These Flashcards
A

A form of cellular eating of things such as bacteria, dead cells, cellular debris, etc (vital for the immune system)

25
define species diversity
the variety and abundance of different species at a given geographical location
26
what is conservation biology
the study of conservation of nature and Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems
27
what biodiversity
the variety of life in the world, or in a particular habitat or ecosystem
28
what's the species richness
the number of different species of any given area
29
what species eveneness
describes the commonness or rarity of a species; requires knowing the abundance of each species compared to other species in the communitiy
30
what are the differing classes of Phylum Porifera (sponges) Phylum Porifera
- Calcarea - Hexactinellida - Demospongiae
31
what's Euplectella Phylum Porifera
also known as the venus flower basket, it's a well known genus of hexactinellid sponges
32
Define sessile Phylum Porifera
a term in biology to describe an organism that is permanently attached to a substrate and doesn't have the ability to move from place to place
33
what is coelom Phylum Porifera
a fluid filled body cavity of an animal that contains the internal organs, provides support, protection, & organ function
34
what species belongs to Phylum Porifera (sponge) class calcerea Phylum Porifera
Sycon Leucosolenia
35
what species belongs to Phylum Porifera (sponge) class hexactinellida Phylum Porifera
Euplectella Hyalonema
36
what species belongs to Phylum Porifera (sponge) class demospongiae Phylum Porifera
Spongilla Cliona
37
what are Phylum Porifera (sponge) cell types Phylum Porifera
choanocytes amoebocytes pinacocytes porocytes
38
function of choanocytes Phylum Porifera
a type of phylum Porifera cell, line flagellated canals, filter food, reproduction
39
function of amoebocytes Phylum Porifera
a type of phylum Porifera cell, become cell types, secrete spicules and spongin
40
function of pinacocytes Phylum Porifera
a type of phylum Porifera cell, flat epithelial cells, line the outside and incurrent canals
41
function of porocytes Phylum Porifera
a type of phylum Porifera cell, water flow
42
what are the 3 kinds of symmetry Phylum Porifera
ASYMMETRICAL - irregular or lack of symmetry, lack of definite shape RADIAL - arranged around a central axis, symmetry follows around it BILATERAL - divides into two mirror image halves
43
what is metagenesis Phylum Cnidaria
the alteration of generations exhibiting asexual (polyps - medusa) and sexual (medusa - polyps)
44
what is pneumatophore Phylum Cnidaria
the gas filled float of some colonial coelenterates, such as the Portuguese Man of War coelenterates - an aquatic invertebrate animal of a phylum that includes jellyfishes, corals, and sea anemones
45
what is a cnidocyte and a nematocyte Phylum Cnidaria
cnidocyte = a stinging cell nematocyte = stinging capsule
46
define diploblastic Phylum Cnidaria
having a body derived from only two embryonic cell layers (ectoderm & endoderm, but no medoderm)
47
define mesoglea Phylum Cnidaria
a gelatinous substance between the endoderm and the ectoderm of sponges of cnidarians
48
the difference between a polyp & medusa Phylum Cnidaria
polyps are formed asexually medusa are formed sexually
49
what's the difference between a fedding and a reproductive polyp on the obelia Phylum Cnidaria
FEEDING = specialized longer tentacles surrounding the mouth for capturing and digesting prey REPRODUCTIVE = specialized in releasing reproductive structures for sexual reproduction, generally has shorter tentacles and is overall stubbier looking
50
define polymorphic Phylum Cnidaria
occurring in several different forms, in particular with reference to species or genetic variation
51
define diploblastic Phylum Cnidaria
having a body derived from only 2 embryonic cell layers (the ectoderm and endoderm, no mesoderm)
52
what are the 4 classes of cnidarians Phylum Cnidaria
Athozoa Cubozoa Hydrozoa Scyphozoa
53
what is cephalization Phylum Platyhelminthes
the concentration of sense organs, nervous system, brain, at the anterior end of the body, forming a head and brain, both during evolution & embryonic development
54
define triploblastic Phylum Platyhelminthes
having a body derived from 3 embryonic cell layers (endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm)
55
scolex function Phylum Platyhelminthes
contains structures, such as grooves, suckers, or hooks that enable the worm to attach to the gut wall
56
define coelom Phylum Platyhelminthes
fluid filled body cavity providing space for organs to be suspended and more independently
57
define acoelomate Phylum Platyhelminthes
animal that lacks coelom, it's body cavity is filled with solid tissue
58
define eucoelomate Phylum Platyhelminthes
animal with true coelom that forms entirely within the mesoderm during embryonic development
59
define pseudocoelomate Phylum Platyhelminthes
animal containing a body cavity that's partially lined with mesodermal tissue and partially derived from the blastocoel (primary body cavity of embryo)

Bio (19 decks)

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