Bioethics

Question 1

What is bioethics?

Answer 1

Study of the ethical issues emerging from advances in biology and medicine

Study of our moral choices relating to medical and biological research

Concerned with ethical questions that arise in the relationships among life sciences, biotechnology, medicine, politics, law and philosophy

Question 2

Declaration of Helsinki

Answer 2

Development by The World Medical Association outlining the ethical principles of medical research.

Doctors have to protect the life, health, privacy and dignity of patient. IRB reviews the protocol. Benefit should be greater than risk, voluntary involvement with consent or assent for minors

Question 3

Belmont Report

Answer 3

Ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects with the three fundamental principles as respect for persons, beneficence and justice

Question 4

IRB

Answer 4

Institutional review board is an independent body of medical, scientific and NON-SCIENTIFIC members who responsibility is to ensure the protection of the rights, safety and well being of human subjects involved in a trial by among other things, reviewing, approving and providing review of trials…etc

Question 5

Informed Consent

Answer 5

Consent to participate in medical experiment by a subject after achieving an understanding of risks.

Question 6

3 elements of belmont report

Answer 6

Autonomy, beneficence and respect for all

Question 7

Respect for persons

Answer 7

Autonomy of individuals
Person with diminished autonomy are entitled to protection
Each person is unique and valuable therefore should be respected regardless of circumstances

Question 8

Beneficence

Answer 8

Do no harm
Maximize the benefit and minimize the risks
Ensure fair distribution of benefit

Question 9

Justice

Answer 9

Benefits and risk must be distributed equally

Question 10

Office of Research Integrity

Answer 10

Created by NIH to prevent research misconduct as researcher’s reputations are under scrutiny for positive results