Cancer I

Question 1

How does cancer kill?

Answer 1

As tumors grow and spread, it squeezes and destroys blood vessels and nerves until a organ can no longer do its job

Question 2

Neoplastic growth

Answer 2

An abnormal cell that grows and increases in mass while proliferating or dividing out of control

Question 3

Benign tumor

Answer 3

Not cancerous
Neoplastic cells that aren not invasive
Can be surgically removed

Question 4

Tumor is considered cancer and malignant once

Answer 4

cells invade into surrounding tissue

Question 5

Carcinoma which are the most common stem from____, sarcomas stem from ____ and Leukemias/Lymphomas stem from ____

Answer 5

epithelial tissue
muscle/connective tissue
WBCs

Question 6

Cells with APC mutation have an advantage by ____ and can form

Answer 6

growth

Polyps(still benign tumor)

Question 7

Cells with Ras mutation

Cells that lose p53 function

Answer 7

Cancer Gene

Leads to Carcinoma

Question 8

At a molecular level, CML is due to the translocation of which chromosomes? Which chromosome is the leading cause for cancer?

Answer 8

Translocation between chr 9 and 22.

22 is the problem

Question 9

Cancerous growth depends on defective ___ and defective ____

Answer 9

growth and apoptosis

Question 10

What is the difference between angiogenesis vs neovascularization?

Answer 10

Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing blood vessels which is utilized by carcinoma. Neovascularization is the formation of new blood vessels from scratch.

Question 11

Oncogenes

Answer 11

Dominant mutation

Gain of Function

Question 12

Tumor Supressor Genes

Answer 12

Loss of function

Recessive mutation, require double mutation for it to work

Question 13

DNA maintenance genes which are subsets of ____ can be mutated into a cancer proliferator. They can inactivate___

Answer 13

tumor supressor genes

inactivation of caretaker genes that work to allow genomic stability (DNA repair genes and checkpoint genes)