Control of Gene Expression 2 Flashcards
What do microRNAs do?
Non-coding Regulatory RNAs that regulate messenger RNAs via repression or activation of gene activity
They can either degrade RNA or block translation
miRNAs and health
they can change expression profile in disease states
Ex: certain miRNAs can be elevated in stroke or heart disease. Can also be used to identify cancer
How are microRNA causative and responsive?
Causative: Have mutations that cause disease (Ex: Tourette’s Syndrome)
Responsive: Increased miRNA expression down regulates gene in response to disease to limit severity
Where do miRNAs bind?
3’ UT end of mRNA
Detail the steps of microRNA maturation
Originate as a 100 nucleotide precursor
(cropped in nucleus)
Size is cut down to pre-miRNA then processed further to mature miRNA with Dicer outside the nucleus
1 miRNA can impact ____ mRNA
multiple
Tourette’s Syndrome is an example of ____
Causative disease involving miRNA when the SLITRK1 mRNA allows increased miRNA binding therefore it decreases SLITRK1 expression
A proteasome has ____ active ATP sites
six
The ubiquitin complex includes
E1 ubiquitin activating enzyme bound to cysteine with E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme and E3 accessory protein ubiquitin ligase
Protein tagged for degradation involves tagging of ____
ubiquitin at lysine on protein via E1
Proteasome inhibitors are used in ____ treatment using ___ as an example.
Multiple myeloma
Bortezomib
Genomic Imprinting
genes are from both mother and father but the expression from single parent gene’s based on gene
Prader WIlli Syndrome
A type of genomic imprinting disorder where there is a paternal deletion on chromosome 15 (15q11-q13) and maternal chromosome 15 not expressed even though present
Hemosiderin
Granules of Ferritin
Where is excess iron stored?
Lungs
Liver
Pancreas
