Neurodevelopment 2

Question 1

Axon sizes can vary from

Answer 1

less than 1mm to more than 1 m

Question 2

Phase 1 of neural development

Answer 2

Cells develop independently and locally in embryo

Question 3

Phase 2 of neural development

Answer 3

Axons and dendrites grow out along specific routes setting up a provisional but orderly network of connections between diff parts of nervous system

** synapse also form** “provisionally” or loosely

Question 4

Phase 3 of neural development

Answer 4

Continues into adult life
Connections are adjusted and refined through interactions with distal regions via electrical signals
Strengthening synapses and building new ones too

Question 5

CNS

Answer 5

Brain, spinal cord and retina derived from neural tube

Question 6

PNS

Answer 6

Nerves, sensory neurons derived from neural crest

Question 7

Floor plate of morphogen secrete

Answer 7

Sonic hedgehog protein

Question 8

Roof plate of morphogen secrete

Answer 8

BMP and Wnt proteins

Question 9

Growth cone of neuron

Answer 9

tip axon/dendrite with irregular, spiky enlargement

Question 10

Chemotactic factors

Answer 10

Secreted by the cells, acting as a guidance factors at strategic points along the path

Question 11

Nectrin, Slit and semaphorin are examples of

Answer 11

Chemotactic factors

Question 12

Delta notch signaling controls differentiation into neurons by way of

Answer 12

lateral inhibition and positive feedback

Question 13

BMP protein functions is to

Answer 13

pattern formation, differentiation, secretion of extracellular matrix

Question 14

Sonic hedgehog protein function is to

Answer 14

activate latent genes

Question 15

Neural crest cells in addition to PNS neurons they also produce (2)

Answer 15

epinephrine producing cells of the adrenal gland

Skeletal and connective tissue components of the head

Question 16

What controls the assembly/disassembly of actin filaments controlling movement of growth cones?

Answer 16

monomeric GTPases Rho and Rac

Question 17

Growth cones travel on predictable routes by following one of two cues

Answer 17

Extracellular matrix

Chemotactic factors

Question 18

What does netrin by to for activation s/p entry of extracellular calcium?

Answer 18

TRPC

Question 19

Slit secreted by ____ which ____ growth cones

Answer 19

midline cells

repels

Question 20

Short term effect of NGF

Answer 20

Local, direct, rapid and independent communication with cell body

Question 21

Long term effect of NGF

Answer 21

Mediated by its receptor, uptake into cells via endocytosis and stimulation of downstream signaling pathways

Question 22

Posterior retinal neuron axons prefer _____

Answer 22

anterior tectal neurons

Question 23

Anterior retinal neurons ____

Answer 23

have no preference for tectal position