Birds/reptiles

Question 1

Pneumatic bones

Answer 1

Hollow/ air filled bones

Question 2

Extra bone in birds

Answer 2

Coracoid

Question 3

Another name for a Keel

Answer 3

Sternum

Question 4

Why is the keel laterally flattened

Answer 4

It increases surface area for the attachment of muscles

Question 5

Where is the coracoid bone located

Answer 5

Lies between keel and shoulder joint

Question 6

Function of the coracoid bone?

Answer 6

Counteracts flight muscles
Supports wings

Question 7

Why do birds have less joints

Answer 7

To provide a strong base for flight muscle attachment

Question 8

How many cervical vertebrae can birds have

Answer 8

Approx 25

Question 9

Pygostyle?

Answer 9

Bird tail

Question 10

The glands of a bird that secretions aid in waterproofing feathers

Answer 10

Preen gland/uropygial

Question 11

Quadrate bone

Answer 11

Bone located by mandible
Allows the jaw to open wider

Question 12

Craniofacial hinge function

Answer 12

Increases the motility during feeding

Question 13

Fused appendicular skeletal bones in birds

Answer 13

Tibiotarsus
Tarsometatarsus

Question 14

How many toes do most birds have

Answer 14

3 toes pointing forward
1 toe pointing backwards

Question 15

How many toes do parots have

Answer 15

2 forwards
2 backwards

Question 16

Alula

Answer 16

‘bastard wing’ is made up of digit I.
controlling take-off and landing

Question 17

Basilic vein

Answer 17

ulnar vein
site for venepuncture

Question 18

Caeca

Answer 18

Blind-ended section of the large intestine where bacterial digestion
occurs

Question 19

Choana

Answer 19

Cleft in the hard palate
connect the oral and
nasal cavities
Found in some birds

Question 20

Name for the 1 body cavity in birds

Answer 20

Coelom

Question 21

Columella

Answer 21

Single middle ear bone that transmits sound to the inner ear

Question 22

Contour feathers

Answer 22

Feathers of the wings and outer surface of the body

Question 23

Crop

Answer 23

Its the enlargement of the oesophagus and serves as a storage place for food

Question 24

Digital flexor tendon function

Answer 24

responsible for the perching reflex

Question 25

Filoplume

Answer 25

Lie close to the body Break up, creating dust that absorbs sweat and dirt

Question 26

Gizzard

Answer 26

AKA (ventriculus) Muscular part of the stomach where mechanical digestion occurs

Question 27

Isthmus

Answer 27

Where the inner and outer shell membranes are formed

Question 28

Magnum

Answer 28

most glandular part of the oviduct where the majority of albumen is added

Question 29

Pectoral

Answer 29

Flight muscle responsible for down stroke

Question 30

Pectoral and brachial arteries

Answer 30

Supply blood to flight muscles and wings

Question 31

Phalus

Answer 31

Bird penis

Question 32

Pinioning

Answer 32

Method of preventing flight by cutting the end of the wing (chick is between 4-10 days old)

Question 33

Primaries

Answer 33

Flight feathers that attach to digit 3 (THRUST)

Question 34

Proventriculus

Answer 34

First section of the stomach lined with glands that secrete pepsin, hydrochloric acid and mucus

Question 35

Rachis

Answer 35

Central shaft of the feather which is filled with blood capillaries

Question 36

Salt gland

Answer 36

Located above the eye in some marine birds which balances the salt

Question 37

Sclerotic ring

Answer 37

bones around the eye

Question 38

Secondaries

Answer 38

flight feathers

Question 39

Shell gland

Answer 39

where the shell membrane becomes calcified (15hrs)

Question 40

Syrinx

Answer 40

Vocal organ in birds

Question 41

Reptiles Renal portal system

Answer 41

Transports blood from the hind legs and tail directly to the kidneys

Question 42

Acrodonts

Answer 42

reptile Teeth

Question 43

Arboreal

Answer 43

tree climbing/dwelling species

Question 44

Autotomy

Answer 44

Ability to shed their tail as a defence against predators

Question 45

Carapace

Answer 45

Domed upper part of a tortoise’s shell

Question 46

Chelonia

Answer 46

Class of reptiles Tortoises, terrapins and turtles

Question 47

Chromatophores

Answer 47

The cells that allow for reptiles to change their skin colour

Question 48

Coelom

Answer 48

Thoraco-abdominal cavity, there is only one combined cavity

Question 49

Coprodeum

Answer 49

First section of the cloaca where the faeces are collected

Question 50

Crepuscular

Answer 50

Species of animal active during dawn and dusk

Question 51

Diurnal

Answer 51

Species of animal active during the day

Question 52

Ecdysis

Answer 52

Shedding of the skin

Question 53

Ectothermic

Answer 53

Species of animals that obtain the heat they require from their environment

Question 54

Herpetology

Answer 54

The study of reptiles and amphibians

Question 55

Jacobson’s organ

Answer 55

Vomeronasal organ. Roof of mouth part of the olfactory system

Question 56

Lamellae

Answer 56

Overlapping scales arranged in layers found on the underside of geckoes enabling them to grip on to smooth surfaces

Question 57

Nuchal scute

Answer 57

Found on the anterior end of the carapace. AKA cervical scute

Question 58

Oviparous

Answer 58

animals that lay eggs

Question 59

Ovoviviparous

Answer 59

Species of animals that hatch their eggs internally

Question 60

Plastron

Answer 60

Flattish ventral part of a tortoise’s shell

Question 61

Poikilothermic

Answer 61

Species of animals that have a body temperature that varies with the environment around them

Question 62

Proctodeum

Answer 62

Final section of the cloaca that acts as a collection chamber prior to the elimination of waste

Question 63

Scutes

Answer 63

Horny plates in the shell of tortoises

Question 64

Sexually dimorphic

Answer 64

Species where visible differences in external features between males and females: colouration, shape etc

Question 65

Spectacle

Answer 65

Transparent eyelid

Question 66

Stomatitis

Answer 66

‘Mouth rot’