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anatomical direction > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles of the head

A

digastricus
Masseter
Temporalis

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2
Q

Muscles of the
Abdomin

A

External obliques
Internal obliques
Transversus Abdominis
Rectus Abdominis

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3
Q

Muscles of the FORELIMB
Extrinsic?
Intrinsic?
Elbow?
Carpus?
Digits?

A

Trapezii
Pectorals
Latissimus Dorsi
Brachiocephalicus
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Triceps Brachii
Biceps Brachii
Brachialis
Carpal Extensors (2)
Digital Extensors (2)
Carpal Flexors (2)
Digital Flexors (2)

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4
Q

Muscles of the HINDLIMB
Extrinsic
Lower hindlimb

A

Sublumbar hypaxial
Gluteals
Biceps Femoris (Hamstring)
Semitendinosus (Hamstring)
Semimembranosus (Hamstring)
Quadriceps Femoris
Pectineus
Sartorius
Gracilis
Gastrocnemius
Tibialis
Digital Extensors (3)
Digital Flexors (2)

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5
Q

Digastricus
origin
insertion
action

A

O: Mandible
I: Jugular processes
A: Moves jaw from side
to side

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6
Q

Masseter
origin
insertion
action

A

O: zygomatic arch
I: mandible
A: close the jaw

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7
Q

Temporalis
origin
insertion
action

A

O:skull
I: Mandible
A: closes jaw

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8
Q

Tendons

A

Connect muscle to
bone

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9
Q

Ligaments

A

Connect one bone to
another bone

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10
Q

Structure Of Skeletal Muscle

A

Myofibre
Endomysium
Perimysium
Epimysium

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11
Q

sarcolemma

A

Skeletal muscle cells membrane

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12
Q

sarcoplasm

A

the cytoplasm of skeletal muscles cell.

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13
Q

Structure Of Muscle Fibre

A

Each myofibre is made up of
myofibrils
* Unit of contraction
* Actin – thin filaments
* Myosin – thick filaments
striped’ appearance

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14
Q

Slow twitch (Type 1)

A

Burn oxygen very efficiently

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15
Q

Fast twitch (Type 2)

A

Burn fuel anaerobically

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16
Q

ratchet mechanism

A

Muscle contraction: repeated pulling of the Actin over the myosin

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17
Q

Muscle Contraction Types

A

Isotonic = Tone
Isometric = Shortening the muscle

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18
Q

Smooth muscle

A

involuntary muscle

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19
Q

Antagonistic
pairing

A

Muscles that counteract
each other

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20
Q

Aponeurosis?

A

Broad sheet of tendon

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21
Q

Extrinsic muscles

A

Muscles that insert onto the axial skeleton

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22
Q

Intrinsic muscle

A

originates and inserts on same structure

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23
Q

Epaxial muscles

A

Dorsal to the transverse processes of the vertebrae

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24
Q

Hypaxial muscles

A

Ventral to the transverse processes of the vertebrae

25
Q

External intercostal

A

Most superficial
Run caudo-ventrally
Involved in inspiration

26
Q

Internal intercostal

A

Next layer
Run cranio-ventrally

27
Q

Diaphragm attaches to?

A

Sternum,
Rib,
Lumbar vertebrae

28
Q

External Abdominal Oblique

A

Most superficial
O: ribs & lumbar
I: Linea alba
A:protection and support

29
Q

Internal Abdominal Oblique
inserts onto?

A

I: Linea Alba

30
Q

Transverse Abdominis inserts onto?

A

I: linea Alba

31
Q

Rectus abdominus

A

O: 1st rib & sternum
I: Pubis, pre-pubic tendon

32
Q

Linea Alba

A

O: xiphoid
I: Pubic region

33
Q

Trapezius

A

O: Vertebrae
I: scapula
A: Abductor of the forelimb

34
Q

Pectorals

A

O: ribs & sternum
I: humerus
A: adducts the limb

35
Q

Latissimus dorsi

A

O: vertebrae
I: humerus
A:Flexes shoulder/
Retracts the limb

36
Q

Brachiocephalicus

A

O: skull
I: cranial humerus
A:Limb on ground
Bends the neck laterally

37
Q

Supraspinatus

A

O:Supraspinatous fossa
I: Humerus
A: Extends shoulder

38
Q

Infraspinatus

A

O: Infraspinatous fossa
* Insertion – Greater tubercle of the
I: Humerus
A: Flexes shoulder

39
Q

Triceps brachii

A

O: 3 heads humerus
4th scapula
I: olecranon of ulna
A: extends the elbow

40
Q

Biceps brachii

A

O: scapula
I: Radius and ulna
A: Flexes the elbow

41
Q

Brachialis

A

O: Humerus
I: radius and ulna
A: Flexes the elbow

42
Q

Carpal extensors

A

O: Humerus
I: Carpus
* cranial and lateral aspect of
limb *

43
Q

Digital extensors

A

O: Humerus
I: 3rd phalanx
* cranial aspect of limb *

44
Q

Carpal flexors

A

O: Carpus
I: Palmer

45
Q

Digital flexors

A

Superficial digital flexor
* Inserts on 2nd phalanx
Deep digital flexor
* Inserts on the 3rd phalanx

46
Q

Sublumbar hypaxial muscle

A

O:Ventral vertebral column
I: pelvis

47
Q

Gluteals

A

O: pelvic girdle
I: femur
A:extensors of hip

48
Q

Biceps femoris
(HAMSTRING)

A

O: pelvic girdle
I: Calcaneus
A: Extends hip
Flexes stifle
Extends hock

49
Q

Semitendinosus
(HAMSTRING)

A

O: pelvis
I: tibia & calcaneus
A: Extends hip.
Flexes stifle
Extends hock

50
Q

Semimembranosus
(HAMSTRING)

A

O: pelvis
I: femur and tibia
A: Extends hip.
Flexes stifle

51
Q

Quadriceps femoris
(HAMSTRING)

A

O: 3-proximal femur
1- ilium
I: tibia
A: stifle extension

52
Q

Pectineus

A

O: pubis
I: Femur
A: Adducts

53
Q

Sartorius

A

O: pelvis
I: Cranial tibia
A: Adducts

54
Q

Gracilis

A

Caudal- medial thigh
A: Adducts

55
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

O: femur
I: calcaneus
A: extends hock and flexes
stifle

56
Q

Achilles Tendon

A
  • caudal aspect of the leg to hock *
    3 tendons
    I: calcaneus
    A: digital felxor
57
Q

Anterior tibialis

A

O: tibia
I: tarsus
A: flexes hock and rotates
paw medially

58
Q

Digital extensors location

A

Run down cranial aspect of limb

59
Q

Digital flexors

A
  • Run down plantar aspect of limb *
    I: 2nd & 3rd phalanx

anatomical direction (21 decks)

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