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Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Endocrine System?

A

Ductless glands found around the body

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2
Q

Homeostasis is maintained by which two bodily systems?

A

The nervous system and the endocrine system

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3
Q

Endocrine response

A

Slower onset, but longer period of time

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4
Q

Nervous response

A

Rapid and short lasting

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5
Q

What are hormones

A

chemical

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6
Q

4 hormone set responses

A

Metabolic
Kinetic
Behavioural
Changes to tissue

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7
Q

define Exocrine

A

Produce secretions released
outside the body or into GI tract

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8
Q

define Paracrine

A
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9
Q

define Autocrine

A
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10
Q

define Hormone

A

Hormones are chemical agents produced by one organ and secreted directly
into the blood stream

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11
Q

define Endocrine

A

“ductless glands”
secrete hormones directly into bloodstream

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12
Q

Secretion of a hormone occurs in response to 4 specific stimulus

A

Nerve impulses
Stimulating/releasing hormone
Chemicals in the blood
Feedback Loops

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13
Q

Where is Gastrin produced

A

Wall of stomach

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14
Q

Where is Secretin produced

A

Wall of small intestine

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15
Q

Where is Chorionic gonadotrophin produced

A

chorion surrounding foetus

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16
Q

Where is Erythropoietin produced

A

kidney

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17
Q

Amines derived hormones
(3)

A

Adrenaline
Thyroxine
Dopamine

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18
Q

Steroidal hormones (4)

A

Testosterone
Oestrogen
Progesterone
Corticosteroids

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19
Q

Peptides & Proteins hormones

A

TSH
Oxytocin
Growth hormone
Insulin
ACTH

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20
Q

Functions controlled by hypothalamus

A

Temperature regulation
hunger and thirst
sex
sleep
fight or flight reaction
levels of hormones

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21
Q

Identity the Endocrine Glands Of The Body (7)

A

Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid glands
Pancreas
Ovaries
Testes
Adrenal glands

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22
Q

Pituitary gland is ventral to the….

A

Ventral to hypothalamus in
forebrain

23
Q

Function of Pineal Gland

A

produces melatonin in response to
daylight length

24
Q

Melatonin is responsible for the functions of the body related to the photoperiod.
Give examples

A

reproductive behaviour, behaviour and coat
changes

25
List the Anterior Pituitary Gland hormones
TSH Adrenocorticotrophic Growth hormone Follicle stimulating hormone Luteinizing hormone Prolactin
26
TSH function
Stimulates the release of thyroid hormone
27
Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH)
Controls release of adrenocorticol hormones
28
Growth hormone function
Stimulates growth of skeleton, viscera and tissue
29
Follicle stimulating hormone
Stimulates ovaries and testes to develop eggs and sperm
30
Luteinising hormone
Stimulates ovaries and testes to bring about ovulation and develop corpus lutein Produce testosterone
31
hormones Posterior Pituitary Gland releases
Oxytocin Antidiuretic hormone
32
Function of oxytocin
Milk let down brings about uterine Contraction
33
function of anti-diuretic hormone
Stimulates water absorbtion
34
what 3 hormones does the Thyroid Gland produce
* Thyroxine (T4) * Tri-iodothyronine (T3) * Calcitonin
35
Thyroxine (T₄) and Tri-iodothyronine (T₃) function
Essential for growth and affect cells metabolic rate
36
Calcitonin function
Reduces bone resorption
37
Parathyroid hormone function
Secreted in response to low blood calcium
38
Hormones affecting pancreas
Insulin Somatostatin Glucogen
39
Function of Glucogan
Breaks down glycogen Increasing blood glucose
40
Somatostatin prevents...?
excessive blood glucose fluctuations
41
Hormones of adrenal glands
Cortex- Glucocorticoids Aldosterone Medulla- Adrenaline Noradrenalne
42
Function of Glucocorticoids
Increases blood glucose reduces inflammatory response
43
function of Aldosterone
Electrolyte balance
44
Function or adrenaline and noradrenaline
Fear, flight or fight
45
Hormones ovaries produce
Oestrogen Progesterone
46
Functions of oestrogen in ovaries
prepares for mating Signs of oestrus
47
Functions of progesterone in ovaries
Maintains pregnancy prepares reproductive tract develops mammy glands
48
Hormones produced by Testis
Testosterone Oestrogen
49
Testosterone function
Sperm production Development of male characteristics/behaviour
50
Functions of oestrogen in testis
Nourishes sperm
51
where is GASTRIN produced and function
Wall of stomach Stimulates release of gastric juices
52
Where is SECRETIN secreted
Small intestine Stimulates release of intestinal and pancreatic juices
53
where is CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN secreted
ectodermal layer of chorion surrounding foetus
54
What is Thymosin function
Produced in Thymus. Promotes development of lymphocytes Contributes to immune response

anatomical direction (22 decks)

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