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anatomical direction > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Endocrine System?

A

Ductless glands found around the body

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2
Q

Homeostasis is maintained by which two bodily systems?

A

The nervous system and the endocrine system

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3
Q

Endocrine response

A

Slower onset, but longer period of time

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4
Q

Nervous response

A

Rapid and short lasting

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5
Q

What are hormones

A

chemical

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6
Q

4 hormone set responses

A

Metabolic
Kinetic
Behavioural
Changes to tissue

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7
Q

define Exocrine

A

Produce secretions released
outside the body or into GI tract

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8
Q

define Paracrine

A
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9
Q

define Autocrine

A
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10
Q

define Hormone

A

Hormones are chemical agents produced by one organ and secreted directly
into the blood stream

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11
Q

define Endocrine

A

“ductless glands”
secrete hormones directly into bloodstream

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12
Q

Secretion of a hormone occurs in response to 4 specific stimulus

A

Nerve impulses
Stimulating/releasing hormone
Chemicals in the blood
Feedback Loops

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13
Q

Where is Gastrin produced

A

Wall of stomach

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14
Q

Where is Secretin produced

A

Wall of small intestine

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15
Q

Where is Chorionic gonadotrophin produced

A

chorion surrounding foetus

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16
Q

Where is Erythropoietin produced

A

kidney

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17
Q

Amines derived hormones
(3)

A

Adrenaline
Thyroxine
Dopamine

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18
Q

Steroidal hormones (4)

A

Testosterone
Oestrogen
Progesterone
Corticosteroids

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19
Q

Peptides & Proteins hormones

A

TSH
Oxytocin
Growth hormone
Insulin
ACTH

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20
Q

Functions controlled by hypothalamus

A

Temperature regulation
hunger and thirst
sex
sleep
fight or flight reaction
levels of hormones

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21
Q

Identity the Endocrine Glands Of The Body (7)

A

Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid glands
Pancreas
Ovaries
Testes
Adrenal glands

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22
Q

Pituitary gland is ventral to the….

A

Ventral to hypothalamus in
forebrain

23
Q

Function of Pineal Gland

A

produces melatonin in response to
daylight length

24
Q

Melatonin is responsible for the functions of the body related to the photoperiod.
Give examples

A

reproductive behaviour, behaviour and coat
changes

25
Q

List the Anterior Pituitary Gland hormones

A

TSH
Adrenocorticotrophic
Growth hormone
Follicle stimulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone
Prolactin

26
Q

TSH function

A

Stimulates the release of thyroid hormone

27
Q

Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH)

A

Controls release of adrenocorticol hormones

28
Q

Growth hormone function

A

Stimulates growth of skeleton, viscera and tissue

29
Q

Follicle stimulating hormone

A

Stimulates ovaries and testes to develop eggs and sperm

30
Q

Luteinising hormone

A

Stimulates ovaries and testes to bring about ovulation and develop corpus lutein
Produce testosterone

31
Q

hormones Posterior Pituitary Gland releases

A

Oxytocin
Antidiuretic hormone

32
Q

Function of oxytocin

A

Milk let down
brings about uterine Contraction

33
Q

function of anti-diuretic hormone

A

Stimulates water absorbtion

34
Q

what 3 hormones does the Thyroid Gland produce

A
  • Thyroxine (T4)
  • Tri-iodothyronine (T3)
  • Calcitonin
35
Q

Thyroxine (T₄) and Tri-iodothyronine (T₃) function

A

Essential for growth and
affect cells metabolic rate

36
Q

Calcitonin function

A

Reduces bone resorption

37
Q

Parathyroid hormone function

A

Secreted in response to low blood calcium

38
Q

Hormones affecting pancreas

A

Insulin
Somatostatin
Glucogen

39
Q

Function of Glucogan

A

Breaks down glycogen
Increasing blood glucose

40
Q

Somatostatin prevents…?

A

excessive blood glucose fluctuations

41
Q

Hormones of adrenal glands

A

Cortex-
Glucocorticoids
Aldosterone
Medulla-
Adrenaline
Noradrenalne

42
Q

Function of Glucocorticoids

A

Increases blood glucose
reduces inflammatory response

43
Q

function of Aldosterone

A

Electrolyte balance

44
Q

Function or adrenaline and noradrenaline

A

Fear, flight or fight

45
Q

Hormones ovaries produce

A

Oestrogen
Progesterone

46
Q

Functions of oestrogen in ovaries

A

prepares for mating
Signs of oestrus

47
Q

Functions of progesterone in ovaries

A

Maintains pregnancy
prepares reproductive tract
develops mammy glands

48
Q

Hormones produced by Testis

A

Testosterone
Oestrogen

49
Q

Testosterone function

A

Sperm production
Development of male
characteristics/behaviour

50
Q

Functions of oestrogen in testis

A

Nourishes sperm

51
Q

where is GASTRIN produced and function

A

Wall of stomach
Stimulates release of gastric juices

52
Q

Where is SECRETIN secreted

A

Small intestine
Stimulates release of intestinal and pancreatic juices

53
Q

where is CHORIONIC GONADOTROPHIN secreted

A

ectodermal layer of chorion
surrounding foetus

54
Q

What is Thymosin function

A

Produced in Thymus.
Promotes development of lymphocytes
Contributes to immune response

anatomical direction (21 decks)

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