Bleeding Disorders Flashcards
(52 cards)
why are your blood vessels less efficient as you age?
lose collagen more easily
causes of vessel wall problems that affect platelet plug formation?
steroids ageing vasculitis eg HSP (antibodies stick to vessel wall) vitamin C deficiency inherited eg marfans
why can aspirin cause failure of platelet plug formation?
it is an antiplatelet so causes a reduced number
VW disease is more commonly presented in women/men
women
main clinical sign of thrombocytopenia
petechial rash in the lower limbs
thromocytopenia is more commonly hereditary/acquired
acquired
autoimmune is most common
causes of platelet destruction in thrombocytopenia
coagulopathy eg DIC
ITP
hypersplenism
what is ITP?
making antibodies against your own platelets
1st line Tx ITP
prednisolone
platelets last for _ days
7
why do you get hypersplenism in portal HT
blood backs up from the liver and diverts to the spleen
is acquired or hereditary VWF disease more common?
hereditary
inheritance for hereditary VWF disease?
AD
commonest cause of primary haemostatic failure
thrombocytopenia
multiple clotting factor deficiencies are generally acquired/hereditary
acquired
4 clotting factors need vitamin K activated to form, what are they?
2
7
9
10
what step do the vitamin K dependent CFs need and why?
carboxylation
makes them negative
causes of multiple factor deficiencies?
warfarin therapy
liver failure
coagulopathy eg DIC
why does warfarin therapy cause CF deficiency?
reduces vit K levels which is required for some CF formation
what does vitamin K need to be absorbed?
bile salts
where is vit K absorbed?
jejeunum
ileum
why can obstructive jaundice cause Vit K deficiency
gallstones block bile duct = reduced bile salt release = vit k deficiency
causes of reduced vit k?
poor diet malabsorption obstructive jaundice vit k antagonists eg warfarin haemorrhagic disease of newborn
define DIC
excessive activation of the haemostatic system (primary, secondary, fibrinolysis)
