vertebral artery comes off what and goes where
off 1st part of subclavian artery
enters transverse foramen of C6-C1 and goes through foramen magnum to form the basilar artery
causes of subclavian steal syndrome
- obstruction of subclavian artery proximal to vertebral artery
- episodic increase in periph circulatory demand in associated extremity (due to exercise
vertebro-basilar insufficiency clinical signs and symptoms
dizziness
cranial nerve dysfunction
paralysis
loss of consciousness
what comes off 1sat part of subclavian a
vertebral a
internal thoracic a
thyrocervical trunk
what comes off the thyrocervical trunk
inferior thyroid artery
-ascending cervical a (runs with phrenic n)
-inferior laryngeal a (enters larynx with RLN)
suprascapular a: crosses anterior scalene m
transverse cervical a: runs parallel and suprior to suprascapular artery
the dorsal scapular artery is often a branch of what
the transverse cervical artery (50%)
2nd part of subclavian artery
costocervical trunk
costocervical trunk branches
deep cervical
supreme intercostal a
the right common carotid artery begins where
at bifurcation of brachiocephalic trunk, just posterior to the right SC joint
the left common carotid artery arises from
apex of aortic arch
at what level do the common carotids branch into internal and external branches?
just below level of hyoid bone
3rd part of subclavian artery branch
dorsal scapular artery (50%)
the internal carotid arteries ____ have any branches in the neck
don’t
what is the first branch of the ICA
ophthalmic a, branches at level of carotid siphon
within the cranial vault the ICA bifurcates into what
anterior cerebral and middle cerebral arteries
what is the first branch off the ECA and where is it located
superior thyroid artery located inferior to the tip of the greater horn of the hyoid
what is the major branch of the superior thyroid artery
what does it pierce and with what
superior laryngeal artery, pierces thyrohyoid membrane along with internal laryngeal nerve
facial and lingual artery location
lingal artery arises from the ECA alone or along with facial artery
-lingual artery is posterior to tip of hyoid, facial is superior
occipital artery
comes off ECA
where does the posterior auricular artery arise
from ECA at level of apex of styloid process
-full of parotid gland
branches of the ECA
superior thyroid a facial a lingual a occipital a posterior auricular a superficial temporal artery maxillary artery
what are the 2 terminating branches of the ECA
superficial temporal a
maxillary a
what are the 3 portions of the maxillary artery
1) mandibular
2) pterygoid
3) sphenopalatine
what does the maxillary artery supply
infratemporal fossa contents
posterior 2/3 nasal cavity
hard palate
what important artery branches off mandibular portion of maxillary a
middle meningeal a (ruptures in epidural hematoma)
what does the external jugular vein drains
and empties into what
neck, face, and part of brain
-empties into subclavian or brachiocephalic veins
what dumps into the external jugular vein
retromandibular vein, posterior auricular vein, pterygoid plexus of veins, anterior jugular vein
what is the retromandibular vein formed by
superficial temporal and maxillary veins
where does the internal jugular vein go
jugular foramen to btwn the sternoclavicular heads of SCM
at the base of the skull what cranial nerves are between internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery
IX-XII
superior bulb of IJC has/doesn’t have valve
-location
doesn’t have a valve
jugular fossa
inferior bulb ____ have valve
does have valve
-btwn SC heads of SCM
pericervical lymph nodes form collar of ___ LNs around ____
-drain into
superficial LNs around base of head
-drain into deep cervical nodes
superficial cervical LNs location
and drain to what
adjacent to external jugular vein in posterior triangle
adjacent to anterior jugular vein in anterior triangle
-drain into deep cervical LNs
deep cervical LNs location and 2 most important groups
along length of internal jugular vein
-jugulo-digastric (tonsillar)
jugulo-omohyoid nodes
the thoracic duct runs in front of ____ and behind ____ on ___ side
anterior scalene
carotid sheath
left
thoracic duct receives lymph from where