Bobs Questions (1-100) Flashcards by Danielle Fusco

The first step in caring for an adult who is apparently unconscious is to

a. check the mouth for foreign object
b. tilt the head back
c. establish unresponsiveness
d. force air into the lungs

c. establish unresponsiveness

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How far down must you compress the sternum when you are giving cardiopulmonary resuscitation to an adult?

a. 1 inch - 1-1/2 inches
b. 1-1/2 - 2 inches
c. at least 2 inches but no more that 2.4
d. depth of compression does not matter

c. at least 2 inches but no more that 2.4

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You are called to the home of a 60-year-old man who began to experience chest
pain after walking up a flight of stairs 15 minutes ago. Before your arrival, he took one nitroglycerine tablet and sat down. While you are taking his vital signs, he advises you that his pain has subsided. You should suspect

a. congestive heart failure
b. acute myocardial infarction
c. angina pectoris
d. spontaneous pneumothorax

c. angina pectoris

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A tourniquet should be applied tight enough to

a. stop venous circulation in the extremity
b. reduce arterial circulation in the extremity
c. stop the bleeding from the wound
d. allow a slight oozing of blood from the wound

c. stop the bleeding from the wound

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You can tell that a patient to whom you are giving artificial ventilation is adequately ventilated if the patients

a. pulse rate increases
b. chest rises
c. blood pressure increases
d. pupils dilate

b. chest rises

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A male parking lot attendant, age 20, has had a sudden onset of wheezing. He states that he is not asthmatic, but complains of severe itching all over his body. His skin is extremely hot, is bright red in color, and shows large red welts. His illness is probably

a. heat stroke
b. carbon monoxide poisoning
c. spontaneous pneumothorax
d. anaphylactic shock

d. anaphylactic shock

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Which of the following is not an indication of hypovolemic shock?

a. shallow breathing
b. dilated pupils
c. red dry skin
d. weak rapid pulse

c. red dry skin

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A 60-year-old man with a history of high blood pressure complains of shortness of breath. His respirations are 32, with a moist crackling sound. His legs are swollen. His condition is most likely

a. pulmonary embolus
b. angina pectoris
c. an asthmatic attack
d. congestive heart failure

d. congestive heart failure

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When should the EMT ventilator deliver the major portion of the breath during
two-rescuer adult CPR?

a. after the 30 th upstroke
b. after the 30th down stroke
c. during the 15 th down stroke
d. after the 15th upstroke

a. after the 30 th upstroke

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What is common in all forms of shock?

a. hypovolemia
b. inadequate tissue perfusion
c. dilation of blood vessels
d. slow heart rate

b. inadequate tissue perfusion

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A patient with a head injury and increasing intracranial pressure will often present with

a. depressed B/P & fast pulse
b. normal B/P & fast pulse
c. normal B/P & normal pulse
d. elevated B/P & slow pulse

d. elevated B/P & slow pulse

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You are called to the scene of an accident where you find an unconscious patient with open eyes. What should you do in order to protect the patient’s eyes from damage?

a. instill sterile water frequently into both eyes
b. instill a sterile saline solution frequently into both eyes
c. close the eyes and bandage them shut
d. shield the eyes from bright lights

c. close the eyes and bandage them shut

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In what position should an accident victim with facial injuries, but without evidence of spinal injuries, be placed in order to facilitate drainage and maintain an open airway?

a. seated upright, with head tilted backward
b. supine, with extremities elevated and face turned to the side
c. prone, with head turned to the side
d. on his/her side, with head tilted back and face turned down

d. on his/her side, with head tilted back and face turned down

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When water enters the trachea or larynx of a drowning victim, the normal
immediate response is

a. laryngospasm
b. bronchiolar relaxation
c. laryngeal relaxation
d. bronchiolar spasm

a. laryngospasm

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What type of injury results when overexertion causes a muscle to be stretched or torn

a. fracture
b. dislocation
c. strain
d. sprain

c. strain

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Which one of the following is characterized by paradoxical respiration?

a. paralysis of the diaphragm
b. multiple fractured ribs
c. air inside the chest cavity
d. shifting of the mediastinum

b. multiple fractured ribs

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Which of the following anatomical structures holds bone ends in place?

a. muscle
b. tendon
c. ligament
d. cartilage

c. ligament

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The intent of the Good Samaritan Law is to provide the basis of a legal defense for

a. lay persons, physicians, and other medical professionals who provide
emergency care at the scene of an accident
b. lay persons who stop at the scene of an accident, decide they are unable to
help, and who then leave the scene
c. lay persons who stop at the scene of an accident and commit acts of gross
negligence
d. municipal paid employees who respond to the scene of an accident and render emergency care

a. lay persons, physicians, and other medical professionals who provide
emergency care at the scene of an accident

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Which one of the following is the best indicator of imminent childbirth?

a. crowning
b. blood discharge from the vagina
c. contractions occurring 3 minutes apart
d. the mother’s feeling of having to move her bowels

a. crowning

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A 20-year-old man involved in a car accident is complaining of left-sided pain radiating to the left shoulder. His pulse is rapid and blood pressure low. This patient is probably suffering from

a. perforated intestines
b. a ruptured kidney
c. a lacerated liver
d. a ruptured spleen

d. a ruptured spleen

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Regulation of normal body temperature is primarily controlled by the

a. pancreas
b. heart
c. thyroid
d. skin

d. skin

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Which of the following conditions indicate that a patient is in the early states of hypovolemic shock?

a. pulse weak and slow, decreased blood pressure
b. lethargy; a decreased pulse rate
c. skin flushed, decreased blood pressure
d. thirst, restlessness and rapid respirations

d. thirst, restlessness and rapid respirations

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Immediately after the convulsive seizure of an epileptic has stopped, it is likely that he/she will be

a. excited and restless
b. perfectly normal
c. very hungry and thirsty
d. drowsy and in need of sleep

d. drowsy and in need of sleep

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An oropharyngeal airway that has been properly placed in a patient should end in the

a. pharynx
b. epiglottis
c. esophagus
d. trachea

a. pharynx

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Which areas of the spinal cord are the most susceptible to injury? a. cervical and lumbar b. thoracic and sacral c. thoracic and lumbar d. lumbar and sacral

a. cervical and lumbar

Which of the following is least likely to result from a penetrating injury to the chest? a. hemorrhage b. pneumothorax c. flail chest d. fracture

c. flail chest

Interruption in cerebral blood flow to a portion of the brain results in a condition known as a. epidural hematoma b. myocardial infarction c. cerebrovascular accident d. epilepsy

c. cerebrovascular accident

When ventilating a child in respiratory arrest, ventilation should be given at a rate of: a. one every two seconds b. one every three to five seconds c. one every five to seven seconds d. one every ten seconds

b. one every three to five seconds

An elderly woman is found lying on the floor and complaining of pain in the hip. The patient's knee is flexed and rotated inward. You should suspect a a. dislocated hip b. fractured hip c. fractured pelvis d. fractured femur

a. dislocated hip

When performing one-rescuer adult Healthcare Provider CPR, how often should the rescuer palpate the carotid artery to check for the return of a spontaneous pulse? a. about every 2 minutes (completion of 5 cycles) b. every 5 minutes for the first 20 minutes of CPR c. after the first 15 seconds of CPR and every 5 minutes thereafter d. after the first minute of CPR and every few minutes thereafter

a. about every 2 minutes (completion of 5 cycles)

You are the first rescuer to arrive on the scene of a head-on automobile accident where you find the following - Patient #1 - appears to be intoxicated, has pain in his right shoulder, and is belligerent toward the rescuers; Patient #2 - also appears to be intoxicated, is very slow in responding to questions, has burns on his lower legs and feet from the car heater, and complains of a pain in his back; Patient #3 - has an open wound to the brain which is not bleeding, has no pulse or respiration, and his chest is pinned between the steering wheel and the seat; and Patient #4 - has a laceration across the abdomen that is bleeding profusely, and a portion of the colon is protruding. Which patient should be treated first? a. Patient #1 b. Patient #2 c. Patient #3 d. Patient #4

d. Patient #4

What is the most common problem encountered with the use of "bag mask resuscitators" a. inability to properly seal the face-piece over the victim's mouth and nose b. inability to provide the correct volume of air with each squeeze c. failure to maintain cleanliness of the exhalation valve d. failure to squeeze the bag at the proper inflation rate

a. inability to properly seal the face-piece over the victim's mouth and nose

Which one of the following statements is not true of a well-written medical report? a. it facilitates the transmission of information to the hospital staff b. it includes all relevant information c. it contains personal comments of the EMT d. it serves as legal documentation in a court of law

c. it contains personal comments of the EMT

In correct sequence, starting from the head, the regions of the spine are the a. medullar, cervical, lumbar, sacral and coccyx b. cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccyx c. medullar, lumbar, thoracic, sacral and coccyx d. cervical, lumbar, thoracic, sacral and coccyx

b. cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral and coccyx

Loss of voice, severe airway obstruction, and air leakage in the soft tissue of the neck can result from an injury to the a. epiglottis b. nasopharynx c. esophagus d. trachea

d. trachea

A worker who has been installing pipe in a warm humid boiler room is found in a state of collapse. He shows no sign of injury but has hot dry skin and an exceedingly high body temperature. The EMT should suspect the condition of heat a. exhaustion b. prostration c. stroke d. cramps

c. stroke

As a general rule, during the on-going assessment, the critical patient should be re-evaluated every minutes. a. one b. five c. ten d. fifteen

b. five

Which one of the following conditions is characterized by constricted pupils? a. cardiac arrest b. shock c. narcotics abuse d. heat exhaustion

c. narcotics abuse

It is important for the driver of an emergency vehicle to remember that, when approaching an intersection under emergency condition, he/she a. has the right of way over all other vehicles b. may proceed across the intersection without slowing or stopping c. has the right-of-way over all vehicles except a police car d. must be prepared to stop if the traffic signal is red

d. must be prepared to stop if the traffic signal is red

Which one of the following is an incorrect procedure with regard to a lone rescuer performing external cardiac compression on an infant? a. feel for a carotid pulse b. place the fingers over the lower half of the breastbone (just below nipple line) c. compress at a rate of at least 100 to 120 per minute d. administer 30 compressions to 2 ventilation

a. feel for a carotid pulse

The uterus is massaged after the placenta is delivered in order to a. relax the mother b. control/slow bleeding c. reduce contractions d. reduce pain

b. control/slow bleeding

Fractures to the elbow joint are dangerous because the a. artery may be pinched off, causing shock in minutes b. artery to the humerus may be injured c. artery and nerves to the forearm may be injured d. nerve leaving the humerus may be injured

c. artery and nerves to the forearm may be injured

The vital sign most characteristic of cardiogenic shock is a. slow respiratory rate b. low blood pressure c. widening pulse pressure d. slow pulse rate

b. low blood pressure

What percentage of oxygen is found in expired air? a. 12% - 13% b. 15% - 17% c. 20% - 21% d. 49% - 50%

b. 15% - 17%

The rescuer must assess the victim of cardiac arrest and proceed with CPR care/delivery using following the mnemonic: a. OASS b. ABC c. CAB d. AVPU

c. CAB

An adult male burn victim has third degree burns on his abdomen, chest, and the front of both arms. The area of burn coverage over his entire body is approximately a. 18% b. 27% c. 35% d. 45%

b. 27%

Which one of the following conditions is characterized by alveolar damage accompanied by labored respirations and wheezing? a. emphysema b. pulmonary edema c. asthma d. apnea

a. emphysema

The least dependable artery for taking a pulse when a patient is in shock is the a. radial b. brachial c. carotid d. femoral

a. radial

Stridor is a sign of: a. lower airway obstruction. b. fluid in the lungs. c. collapse of the alveoli. d. upper airway obstruction.

d. upper airway obstruction.

Which of the following is an uncommon - but often fatal - result of bleeding from a large neck vein? a. air may enter the vein and be carried to the heart b. the possibility of respiratory shock is increased c. may lead to overwhelming infection d. oxygen supply to the lungs may be reduced

a. air may enter the vein and be carried to the heart

The period of relaxation or filling of the heart is called a. fibrillation b. systole c. diastole d. stand still

c. diastole

A person arrested for public drunkenness suddenly loses consciousness. A police officer at the scene reports that the patient was irritable and his speech slurred. Your assessment shows a rapid pulse, shallow breathing, and pale moist skin. In addition to intoxication, you should suspect a. hyperglycemia (diabetic coma) b. hypoglycemia (insulin shock) c. hyperventilation d. petit mal seizure

b. hypoglycemia (insulin shock)

The tubelike anatomical structure that carries air from the throat to the lungs is the a. pharynx b. larynx c. trachea d. esophagus

c. trachea

During CPR, the EMT should support the spine of an infant in order to allow for a. proper airway seal b. hyperflexion of neck c. proper cardiac compression d. hyperextension of neck

c. proper cardiac compression

The first objective in the care for any burn is to a. stop the burning process b. exclude air from the area of the burn c. transport the patient to a burn treatment center d. prevent infection

a. stop the burning process

Which component of arterial blood normally stimulates respiration? a. carbon dioxide b. nitrogen c. oxygen d. hemoglobin

a. carbon dioxide

The description used by the AHA to describe proper chest compressions is to push: a. fast & steady b. slow & steady c. hard & fast d. hard & deep

c. hard & fast

A common reaction to amphetamine abuse is a. tranquility or drowsiness, or a trans-like state b. tremors, convulsions, and constricted pupils c. drowsiness, lapsing into light sleep which the abuser can easily be aroused d. excitement, agitation, and rapid respirations

d. excitement, agitation, and rapid respirations

Immediately following delivery, in which order should the EMT care for the newborn who is not breathing? a. stimulate by slapping feet, suction, ventilate b. suction, rubbing lower back gently and/or slapping bottom of feet gently, ventilate c. suction, cut cord, stimulate by slapping feet, ventilate d. ventilate, stimulate by slapping feet, CPR

b. suction, rubbing lower back gently and/or slapping bottom of feet gently, ventilate

When the nature of the accident and observation of the patient indicate spinal injury, the EMT should first a. hyperextend the neck to secure the airway b. determine the extent of paralysis c. apply an extrication collar d. apply manual stabilization and secure the airway

d. apply manual stabilization and secure the airway

The term hemothorax refers to a. air in the chest cavity b. blood in the chest cavity c. blood in the airway d. blood in the peritoneal area

b. blood in the chest cavity

Emergency treatment for a fracture of the wrist is to splint the a. forearm and elbow b. forearm, elbow and wrist/hand c. forearm and wrist d. forearm

b. forearm, elbow and wrist/hand

Which areas of the spine are comprised of five vertebrae each? a. lumbar and sacral b. sacrum and cervical c. cervical and coccygeal d. thoracic and lumbar

a. lumbar and sacral

To control a nosebleed, the EMT should a. have the patient sit up, with the head tilted backward b. apply tepid compresses to the face and nose c. have the patient positioned forward with the head between the legs d. have patient lean slightly forward and pinch nostrils together

d. have patient lean slightly forward and pinch nostrils together

Which one of the following devices delivers the highest oxygen concentration? a. nasal cannula b. non-rebreathing mask c. venturi mask d. partial-rebreathing mask

b. non-rebreathing mask

In what order per NYS Skill sheets is the physical examination usually conducted on an adult patient? a. head, neck, extremities, chest, pelvis, abdomen b. head, neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis, extremities c. head, neck, abdomen, chest, pelvis, extremities d. head, chest, abdomen, neck, pelvis, extremities

b. head, neck, chest, abdomen, pelvis, extremities

A ten-month-old infant is having a seizure. The parents tell you that the infant has not been well for the past 2 days. Which of the following is the probable diagnosis and the appropriate immediate action? a. febrile seizure - maintain the airway and prevent injury b. epilepsy - turn the infant's head to the side to prevent aspiration c. febrile seizure - immerse the child in cold water to get the temperature down d. meningitis - sponge the child with alcohol to get the temperature down

a. febrile seizure - maintain the airway and prevent injury

When it is necessary to perform CPR while transporting a patient on a litter(stretcher), the EMT should a. move the stretcher as rapidly as possible to get the victim to the hospital promptly b. move the stretcher slowly so that effective CPR can continue c. keep the stretcher in a high position, especially when going down stairs d. keep the patients head raised in order to make ventilations easier

b. move the stretcher slowly so that effective CPR can continue

In caring for a non-breathing patient, you should look for evidence of an operation in which the "voice box" has been removed and the trachea shortened and brought to the front or side of the neck. What is this operation called? a. laryngectomy b. lobotomy c. tracheostomy d. cricothyrotomy

a. laryngectomy

For a patient who has an injured cervical spine, manual stabilization should be released after the a. head has been secured to the short board b. extrication collar has been secured in place c. torso has been secured to the short board d. patient has been completely fixed to the long board

d. patient has been completely fixed to the long board

Bluish tint to the skin is an indication of a. asphyxia b. carbon monoxide poisoning c. diabetic coma d. liver disease

a. asphyxia

In taking blood pressure, the cuff of the sphygmomanometer is placed around the arm just above the elbow, with the bladder portion of the cuff over the brachial artery. The EMT should pump the bladder to a point 20 mmHg further than last pulse sounds heard with a stethoscope. To determine the systolic B/P, one should begin releasing pressure in the cuff and listen with a stethoscope over the brachial artery. The systolic B/P is where the: a. first pulse sound is heard b. last pulse sound is heard c. needle on the gauge becomes steady d. when the cuff is fully inflated

a. first pulse sound is heard

Which one of the following procedures is not to be used in treating a fractured hand? a. place the hand in a sling to reduce pain b. place the hand in the most functional position c. splint the hand with the palm flat d. splint the fingers, the hand and the wrist

c. splint the hand with the palm flat

Which area/part of the heart has the highest oxygen concentration? a. right atrium b. right ventricle c. pulmonary artery d. pulmonary vein

d. pulmonary vein

The normal rate of breathing for an adult at rest is approximately a. 8 respirations per minute b. 16 respirations per minute c. 24 respirations per minute d. 32 respirations per minute

b. 16 respirations per minute

Fractured ribs may result during external cardiac compression if the hands are placed a. too low on the sternum b. off center from the sternum c. two finger widths above the xiphoid process d. too high on the sternum

b. off center from the sternum

Which one of the following is an illness caused by acute spasm of the airway that results in airway constriction? a. congestive heart failure b. emphysema c. tuberculosis d. asthma

d. asthma

An accident victim who is a minor has a lacerated brachial artery. The parents are not present. Which one of the following actions should you take if you cannot reach the parents after making an effort to do so? a. telephone the physician at the emergency care center and ask for permission to proceed b. get permission from the police to proceed with treatment c. take the child to the hospital but give no treatment d. assume you have the parents consent for treatment

d. assume you have the parents consent for treatment

The PCR is a. part of the patients medical record b. can only be used for medical research c. may be discussed with non-emergency personnel d. is rarely read

a. part of the patients medical record

The condition in which blood is trapped in the sac surrounding the heart is known as a. myocardial infarction b. congestive heart failure c. pectoral tamponade d. pericardial tamponade

d. pericardial tamponade

When relieving choking in a responsive infant, the number of back slaps and chest thrusts in one cycle is: a. three and three b. four and four c. five and five d. six to ten

c. five and five

The most important observation that an EMT can make concerning the condition of a patient with a head injury is to record changes in the patients a. level of consciousness b. pupil reaction c. respiratory rate d. blood pressure

a. level of consciousness

During normal delivery of a baby, the EMT should support the baby's head with one hand to prevent an "explosive" delivery; the other hand should be a. on the sterile drape on one leg to prevent the mother from closing her legs during the delivery b. on the mother's abdomen, pushing on her uterus to aid delivery and reduce bleeding c. just below the vaginal opening with the fingers adjacent to the perineum but not touching it d. holding a bulb syringe ready to suction the baby's mouth

c. just below the vaginal opening with the fingers adjacent to the perineum but not touching it

If difficulties arise during delivery of the baby's upper shoulder, the EMT should assist by gently a. pulling at the baby's shoulders b. guiding the baby's head downward c. guiding the baby's head upward d. pushing a gloved hand into the vagina

b. guiding the baby's head downward

The only artery in the body to carry deoxygenated blood is the a. aorta b. pulmonary artery c. subclavian artery d. superior vena cava

b. pulmonary artery

At the scene of an accident, you find an unconscious non-breathing male patient who is trapped in a vehicle in a sitting position. Although the victim can be reached, he cannot be immediately extricated from the vehicle. Your first action to aid the patient should be to a. apply stabilization to his head and gently remove him to a flat surface b. apply stabilization to his head and begin to immobilize him on a short spine board c. support him in an upright position, stabilize head, establish an airway, and start ventilation d. examine him for any further injuries since he should not be moved until a thorough evaluation has been made

c. support him in an upright position, stabilize head, establish an airway, and start ventilation

Which of the following is the least reliable indicator of early shock? a. level of consciousness b. respiration rate c. blood pressure d. pulse rate

c. blood pressure

Proper traction splinting must accomplish all of the following except a. counter action of overriding b. reduction of the fracture c. correction of angulation d. counter action of muscle spasm

b. reduction of the fracture

A correct description of the diaphragm during inspiration (inhalation) is that the diaphragm a. contracts, moves upwards and enlarges the thoracic cavity b. relaxes, causing the chest cavity to decrease in size c. relaxes, causing the chest cavity to increase in size d. contracts, moves downward, and enlarges the thoracic cavity

d. contracts, moves downward, and enlarges the thoracic cavity

After assuring adequate respiration, what is the next step in caring for a patient who has injuries to bones and joints? a. stop all serious bleeding b. immobilize angulated fractures c. check for paralysis of the limbs d. determine level of consciousness

a. stop all serious bleeding

A temporary loss of some or all of the ability of the brain to function because of a blow to the head is called a a. stroke b. vertebral hematoma c. contusion d. concussion

d. concussion

You are assisting at the scene of a cardiac arrest with CPR in progress. While you are ventilating the patient with 100% oxygen, a family member informs you that the patient has a long history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. You should a. reduce the oxygen concentration to approximately 25% b. discontinue oxygen and ventilate only with room air c. reduce the oxygen concentration to approximately 50% d. continue to ventilate with 100% oxygen

d. continue to ventilate with 100% oxygen

All of the following are symptoms except: a. headache b. weak pulse c. chest pain d. nausea

b. weak pulse

The purpose of uterine contractions in the first stage of labor is to: a. position the unborn child for delivery b. fully stretch (dilate) the cervix c. pass the unborn child’s head through the birth canal d. fully deliver the infant

b. fully stretch (dilate) the cervix

Which one of the following is not a first priority in triage? a. back injuries b. acute poisoning c. open chest wound d. severe shock

a. back injuries

You arrive at the scene of an MVA where a power line has fallen on the vehicle. You observe three victims inside the vehicle. Your first action should be: a. call the power company b. tell victims to remain in vehicle c. assist victims to exit vehicle d. remove power line from vehicle

b. tell victims to remain in vehicle

NYS BLS Protocols state that if during the delivery process the EMT notices the umbilical cord wrapped tightly around the infant's neck, or if the cord is wrapped around the neck more than once, and it cannot be freed, the EMT should: a. immediately clamp the umbilical cord with two clamps and cut the cord between them b. apply gentle traction on infants head to speed delivery c. administer oxygen to the infant d. continue with normal deliver, the umbilical cord can be dealt with after delivery

a. immediately clamp the umbilical cord with two clamps and cut the cord between them

Compressions of the chest of a 4 year old in cardiac arrest should be done with: a. both thumbs b. tips of fingers c. heel of either 1 or 2 hands d. 2 fingers just below the nipple line

c. heel of either 1 or 2 hands

A 24 year old female has been involved in an automobile accident. She complains of difficulty breathing and tingling of her fingers. She has ventilations of 36 and deep. What would you expect of her carbon dioxide level? a. increased b. decreased c. unchanged d. same as w/ normal breathing

b. decreased

The EMT should inflate MAST/PASG if he notices a B/P below 50 systolic and has: a. inadequate tissue perfusion b. decreased level of consciousness c. irregular pulse d. mental confusion

a. inadequate tissue perfusion

Bobs Questions (1-100) Flashcards

NYS Exams (101 cards)