Cardiology (Part 1) Flashcards
(51 cards)
Which of the following sounds indicates an upper airway obstruction in a child who is in respiratory distress?
A) Wheezes
B) Stridor
C) Rales
D) Rhonchi
B) Stridor
An unresponsive 7-month-old female is lying limp in her father’s arms. He tells you that she was having an asthma attack but is better now. Her conjunctivae are pale and moist. You are only able to auscultate faint wheezes in her upper chest. Her vital signs are P 76 and R 18. You should first:
A) assess her oxygen saturation level.
B) assist with the administration of her nebulized albuterol.
C) assist her ventilation with a BVM.
D) administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask.
C) assist her ventilation with a BVM.
A 12-year-old male has difficulty breathing. He tells you he has had a cold all week. You auscultate rhonchi in his left lower chest. His vital signs are P 104, R 28, BP 104/74, and SpO2 is 89% on room air. You should suspect:
A) respiratory failure.
B) chronic asthma.
C) septic shock.
D) respiratory distress.
D) respiratory distress.
An 8-year-old female has had trouble breathing for two days. Her father called because she continues to have trouble breathing and he cannot wake her up. You do not hear any sounds when you auscultate her lower lungs and hear faint wheezes in her upper lungs. Her vital signs are P 60, R 26, BP 94/68, and SpO2 is 88% on room air. You should suspect:
A) respiratory distress.
B) respiratory failure.
C) eupneic respirations.
D) respiratory arrest.
B) respiratory failure.
An unresponsive 6-year-old male is taking shallow, irregular respirations once every 15 seconds. He has a weak carotid pulse. His mother tells you that he was playing alone in his room and was fine 30 minutes ago. You should suspect:
A) respiratory arrest.
B) Biot’s respirations.
C) Kussmaul’s respirations.
D) respiratory failure.
A) respiratory arrest.
A 10-year-old female complains of difficulty breathing after mixing bleach with another cleaner. Her skin and clothing are dry. You smell a strong odor, and your eyes begin to water. What route of exposure should you suspect is causing her dyspnea?
A) Inhalation
B) Absorption
C) Ingestion
D) Injection
A) Inhalation
An 11-year-old male who has a history of cystic fibrosis complains of difficulty breathing. He tells you he has been coughing up thick mucus. His vital signs are P 92, R 24, BP 118/76, and SpO2 is 91% on room air. You should:
A) administer a bronchodilator.
B) assist his ventilation.
C) administer humidified oxygen. D) apply CPAP.
C) administer humidified oxygen.
A 9-year-old male has partial-thickness burns around his mouth after inhaling steam. He has a history of asthma and has had a cold for three days. His mother tells you he has had chest congestion and she was trying to break up the phlegm. He is drooling and tells you he cannot swallow. You should first:
A) begin transport.
B) insert an oropharyngeal airway.
C) administer his metered-dose inhaler.
D) assess his vital signs.
A) begin transport.
You are preparing to ventilate an 11-month-old female with a BVM. Which of the following ensures that her airway is properly positioned?
A) Placing her in the sniffing position
B) Inserting a nasopharyngeal airway
C) Padding behind her shoulders
D) Using cricoid pressure while ventilating her
A) Placing her in the sniffing position
A 6-month-old female does not respond to you when you stimulate her. Her father tells you that she stopped breathing and turned blue. You observe supraclavicular and sternal retractions at a rate of 38. You should first:
A) administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask.
B) assess her blood glucose level.
C) assess her vital signs.
D) assist her ventilation.
D) assist her ventilation.
A 13-year-old male tells you that he has had a cough for two weeks. He has an episode of coughing, and you hear an inspiratory whoop after each cough. You auscultate rhonchi in his left lower lung. His vital signs are P 100, R 22, BP 118/76, and SpO2 is 93% on room air. You should:
A) assist his ventilation.
B) administer oxygen by nasal cannula.
C) assist with the administration of his beta2 agonist.
D) assist with the administration of his beta1 antagonist.
B) administer oxygen by nasal cannula.
An unresponsive 4-year-old female is apneic but has a carotid pulse of 52. You should first:
A) administer oxygen.
B) attach the AED.
C) begin chest compressions.
D) insert an oropharyngeal airway.
D) insert an oropharyngeal airway.
Which of the following may be a direct impact of positive pressure ventilation on perfusion when ventilating an infant?
A) Decreased preload
B) Decreased cardiac output
C) Increased systemic resistance
D) Increased V/Q mismatch
A) Decreased preload
Which of the following respiratory conditions in children over 2 years old has similar lung sounds to an infant who has bronchiolitis?
A) Asthma
B) Pulmonary edema
C) Pneumonia
D) Pertussis
A) Asthma
A 3-year-old male is in respiratory distress. His mother tells you that he has a fever of 102 degrees F. She tells you he cannot swallow and is drooling. He is sitting up, leaning forward and you hear inspiratory stridor. You should:
A) suction his airway.
B) administer oxygen.
C) insert an oropharyngeal airway. D) place him in the recovery position.
B) administer oxygen.
A 5-year-old female who has a history of asthma complains of trouble breathing. She is exhaling through pursed lips, and you auscultate wheezes. Her vital signs are P 110, R 32, BP 106/68, and SpO2 is 89% on room air. After administering oxygen, you should next:
A) assist her ventilation with a BVM.
B) reassess her vital signs.
C) assist with the administration of her metered dose inhaler.
D) titrate oxygen administration to 94%.
C) assist with the administration
A 7-year-old male who has had a cold for a week tells you that he can’t breathe. He has had a nonproductive cough for a day, and he is lying on his right side in the fetal position. His skin feels hot to the touch. He has a history of asthma, and you auscultate rhonchi in his right chest. His vital signs are P 118, R 24, BP 82/64, and SpO2 is 91% on room air. You should:
A) administer oxygen.
B) assist his ventilation.
C) place him in Fowler’s position. D) assist with the administration of his MDI.
A) administer oxygen.
An unresponsive 76-year-old female is lying in bed, and you hear snoring respirations. What should you suspect is partially occluding her airway?
A) Her tongue
B) Liquid
C) Food
D) Laryngotracheobronchitis
A) Her tongue
When assessing lung sounds in an adult who is sitting upright, where should you place your stethoscope to auscultate alveolar ventilation?
A) Third intercostal space, anterior axillary line
B) Sixth intercostal space, midscapular line
C) Fourth intercostal space, midaxillary line
D) Second intercostal space, midclavicular line
B) Sixth intercostal space, midscapular line
A 32-year-old male complains of difficulty breathing. He admits to smoking crack cocaine an hour before the problem started. You hear inspiratory stridor and observe drooling. His vital signs are P 108, R 18, BP 142/88, and SpO2 is 95% on room air. You should suspect:
A) epiglottitis.
B) agitated delirium.
C) laryngotracheobronchitis.
D) cocaine overdose.
A) epiglottitis.
A 39-year-old female is lying in bed. When you assess her, which of the following findings indicate an inadequate airway?
A) She is lying on her side.
B) She has an open pill bottle next to her bed.
C) She is unresponsive and snoring.
D) She has chest wall expansion with little abdominal wall movement.
C) She is unresponsive and snoring.
An unresponsive 45-year-old male was found lying on the ground outside. You do not see any obvious signs of trauma. He has snoring respirations and a carotid pulse. After opening his airway, you should next:
A) insert an oropharyngeal airway.
B) suction his airway.
C) assist his ventilation.
D) administer oxygen by non-rebreather mask.
A) insert an oropharyngeal airway.
An unresponsive 30-year-old female was the unrestrained driver involved in a car crash. Your partner stabilizes her head and tells you she is breathing and has a carotid pulse. As you examine her airway, you see blood, broken teeth, and hear gurgling sounds. You should first:
A) apply a cervical collar.
B) insert an oropharyngeal airway.
C) assist her ventilation.
D) suction her airway.
D) suction her airway.
Bystanders tell you that an unresponsive 22-year-old male fell 10 feet off a ladder and landed head first. You hear irregular, gasping respirations and palpate a carotid pulse. You should first:
A) assess his vital signs.
B) apply a cervical collar.
C) insert a nasopharyngeal airway. D) perform a jaw-thrust maneuver.
D) perform a jaw-thrust maneuver.
