Body Systems Flashcards
(42 cards)
Name the five levels of organisation
Cell -
Tissue -
Organ -
Organ System
Multicellular organism -
name the animal organs and there roles
know like at least 3 and like 2 with meanings
Brain - controls the body
Heart - pumps blood around the body
Liver - removes toxins (poisons the blood and produces bile to help digestion)
Intestines - absorb nutrients from food
Lungs - take in oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
Stomach - digests food
Kidney - filters the blood and produces urine
Bladder - stores urine
name the plant organs and state their roles
basically the parts of the plant
Stem - holds the plant upright
Leaf - absorbs sunlight for making food during photosynthesis
Root - anchors the plant into the ground, and takes up water and minerals from the soil
When you breath (inhale) state the things that happen
- muscles between tibs contract
- ribs are pulled up and out
- diaphragm contracts and flattens
- volume of the chest increases
- pressure inside the chest decreases
- air rushes into the lungs
When you breath (exhale) state the things that happen
- muscles between ribs relax
- ribs are pulled in and down
- diaphragm relaxes and moves up
- volume in the chest decreases
- pressure inside the chest increases
- air is forced out of the lungs
What is the respiratory system involved in
breathing in oxygen for respiration
breathing out waste carbon dioxide
name some of the features of the respiratory system
e.g heart and all of that
nose, mouth, trachea, ribcage, muscle, heart, lung, bronchus, bronchiole, alveolus (air sack), rib, diaphragm
what is the formula for measuring lung volume and explanation
when you breath out fully into the plastic tube, air from your lings pushes water out of the bottle
Formula:
volume of air in the plastic bottle = lung volume
What do all the main bones in your body make up
your skeleton
What are the four main functions of the skeleton
- support for the body
- protect vital organs
- help the body move
- make blood cells (in the bone marrow)
Name 10 bones
skull, jaw bone, collar bone, sternum, humerus, vertebral columns (backbone), pelvis, radius, ulna, femur, kneecap, fibula, tibia, ankle
What do joints do and when do they occur
two or more bones and they allow the skeleton to bend
Name the three types of joints and what they do
Hinge Joints - forwards/backwards movements only (e.g knees)
Ball and Socket joints - movement in all direction (e.g shoulders)
Fixed joints - no movement allowed (e.g skull)
In a joint what is the bone protected by and what are the two bones held together by
protected by cartilage and held together by ligaments
Name some types of muscles
- cardiac (heart muscle)
- smooth muscle
- skeletal muscle
what are muscles attached to bones by
tendons
how do muscles produce movement
contracting (getting shorter)
what happens when a muscle contracts
it pulls the bone causing it to move
Explain what antagonistic muscles are
pairs of muscles that work together are called antagonistic muscles. When one contracts the other relaxes
e.g biceps and triceps work together to bend and straighten the forearm
Define alveolus
Tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen enters the blood.
Define antagonistic
When muscles work in pairs, one contracts and the other relaxes.
Define bone
Hard body parts that make up the skeleton.
Define bone marrow
Soft tissue inside bones that makes blood cells.
Define contract
When a muscle gets shorter and tighter
