Reproduction Flashcards
(57 cards)
what is adolesence
the time period which you change from being a child to an adult.
What are the physical changes that happen between the ages 9 and 14
is called puberty
Name some of the changes that girls get during puberty
- breasts develop
- ovaries start to release eggs
- periods start
- hips widen
Name some of the changes that boys get during puberty
- voice breaks
- sexual organs develop
- testes start to produce sperm
- shoulders widen
- hair grows on face and chest
name some of the changes that both boys and girls get during puberty
- pubic and underarm hair
- body odour develops
- emotional changes
- growth spurts
name some of the features of a reproductive system for a female
fallopian tube
ovary -
cervix -
uterus
vagina -
name the features and what they do for the male reproductive system
seminal vesicle and prostate gland
testes
sperm duct
penis
scrotum
explain the steps of the menstrual cycle.
Explain day 1, 5 and 14
1 - blood from the uterus lining leaves the body through the vagina
5 - bleeding stops. Uterus lining begins to regrow.
14 - an egg cell is released from one of the ovaries (ovulation)
The egg cell travels through the oviduct towards the uterus.
Say the 2 methods of contraception and know how to do it for at least 1
condoms - a thin layer of latex rubber that prevents seen being released into the vagina
contraceptive pill - a daily tablet that contains hormones. It prevent pregnancy by stopping ovulation.
explain the steps of fertilisation for women
an egg is released every month
the egg is moved along the oviduct towards the uterus by cilia
explain the steps of fertilisation for men
sperm cells are produced in the testicles/ testes
sperm mixed with nutrients and fluid from the glands to form semen
during sex a man will release semen into the vagina
explain the steps of fertilisation for women and men
if the sperm meets the egg fertilisation may happen
the fertilised egg may then implant in the uterus lining and form and embryo (ball of cells)
what are the main steps in a babys development during pregnancy in weeks
1 - cells beginning to specialise (just a dot)
4 - spine and brain forming as well as the heart beating (3mm long)
9 - tiny movements lips and cheeks sense touch, eyes and ears start to form (3cm long)
12 - fetus uses its muscles to kick suck, and swallow and practice breathing (7cm long)
what are the 3 important structures in the uterus during gestation (know at least 1 meaning)
placenta -
umbilical cord -
fluid sac -
name the female parts of a flower
stigma, style, ovary
name the male parts of a flower (know at least 5)
pollen tube, anther, filament, petal, ovule, receptacle, ovule, pedicel
explain what happens in the stamen in plant reproduction
- the anther produces pollen
- the filament holds up the anther
explain what happens in the carpel in plant reproduction
- the stigma is sticky to catch grains of pollen
- the style holds up the stigma
- the ovary contains ovules
explain what pollination is
Pollination is the fertilisation of the ovule, which occurs when pollen is transferred
from an anther to the stigma. Pollination can occur due to insects or the wind.
define cross pollination
between two different plants
define self -pollination
between the male and female parts of the same plant
explain the 3 steps of fertilisation in plants
- The tube grows out of the pollen
grain and down through the style. - The pollen nucleus moves
down the tube. - The pollen nucleus joins with
the ovule nucleus. Fertilisation
takes place and a seed will form.
what is germination
when a seed starts to grow it is called germination
name the three things seeds need to germinate
know why for at least 1
- water – for the seed to swell and the embryo to start growing
- oxygen – for respiration and transferring energy for germination
- warmth – to help speed up the reactions in the plant.
