Sound

Question 1

What is a wave

Answer 1

is an oscillation or vibration that transfers energy. Matter is not transverse. Waves can be transverse or longitudinal.

Question 2

what is it called when the waves meet and what actually happens

Answer 2

if waves meet they are called superpose. This means they add up or cancel out depending on if they are in time with each other or not.

Question 3

Explain the properties of transverse waves

Answer 3

oscillation are perpendicular to the energy transfer. They go up. They are light waves

Question 4

Explain the properties of a longitudinal wave

Answer 4

Oscillations are parallel to the energy transfer. They go sideways. They are sound waves.

Question 5

Explain the difference between a transverse and longitudinal wave

Answer 5

one is light and one is sound
one has oscillation parallel and the other is perpendicular

Question 6

what is sound produced by

Answer 6

vibrations, which makes the air molecules oscillate.

Question 7

finish the sentence…
sound is a

Answer 7

longitudinal wave

Question 8

explain the speed of sound in solids, liquids and gases

Answer 8

slowest in gases, slower in liquids and fastest in solids.

Question 9

where can waves be reflected from

Answer 9

a surface

Question 10

what is the wave called when it hits the surface

what is the wave called when it bounces off the surface

Answer 10

incident wave when it hits the surface
reflected wave when it bounces off the surface.

Question 11

what happens in a microphone when sound waves hit it

Answer 11

in a microphone sound waves hit it making the diaphragm vibrate. This produces an electrical signal by moving a coil of wire over a magnet. Speakers are the opposite to microphones - an electric signal is turned into sound by moving a cone backwards and forwards.

Question 12

Learn this phrase

Answer 12

your ear is made of many specially adapted structures that detect and transmit sound waves, allowing you to hear noises.

Question 13

name some of the features of the ear (at least 5 )

Answer 13

pinna, ossicles, semi circular canals, auditory nerve, cochlea, eardrum, oval window, auditory canal

Question 14

name the outer ear structures and their functions

Answer 14

pinna - directs sound into the
auditory canal

auditory canal - sound travels through it to reach the eardrum

eardrum - vibrates and passes vibrations to the ossicles

Question 15

name the structure and function of the middle ear

Answer 15

ossicles - tiny bones that simplify sound

Question 16

name the structure and function of the inner ear

Answer 16

cochlea - filled with thousands of tiny hair and liquid - sound makes the hair move which sends an electrical signal to your brain

semi circular canals - helps you keep your balance

Question 17

name some factors of hearing examples

Answer 17

• a hole in the ear drum (grows back naturally)
• canal blocked with wax (curable)
• loud sounds or injury, causing damage to the hairs in the cochlea (permanent)

Question 18

Define amplify

Answer 18

to make a sound louder

Question 19

define amplitude

Answer 19

the height of the wave; it shows how loud a sound is

Question 20

define auditory canal

Answer 20

the tube that carries sound into your ear

Question 21

define auditory nerve

Answer 21

send sound signals from the ear to the brain

Question 22

define cochlea

Answer 22

a spiral part of the inner ear that helps you hear

Question 23

define compression

Answer 23

where air particles are pushed close together in a sound wave

Question 24

define decibel

Answer 24

a unit to measure how loud a sound is

Question 25

define diaphragm

Answer 25

a part that moves when sound hits it like in a michrophone or speaker

Question 26

define eardrum

Answer 26

a think skin in your ear that vibrates with sound

Question 27

define frequency

Answer 27

how many sound waves pass in one second

Question 28

define hertz

Answer 28

the unit of frequency

Question 29

define incident wave

Answer 29

a sound wave that hits a surface

Question 30

define infrasound

Answer 30

sound that is too low for humans to hear. used for communication with elephants.

Question 31

define longitudinal

Answer 31

A wave where particles move back and forth in the same direction as the wave.

Question 32

define oscillation

Answer 32

a back and forth movement, like vibrations

Question 33

define oscilloscope

Answer 33

A machine that shows sound waves on a screen.

Question 34

define ossicle

Answer 34

Tiny bones in the middle ear that pass on sound.

Question 35

define oval window

Answer 35

A small opening that connects the middle ear to the inner ear.

Question 36

define peak

Answer 36

the highest point in a wave

Question 37

define pinna

Answer 37

the outside part of the ear

Question 38

define pitch

Answer 38

how high or low a sound isd

Question 39

define rarefaction

Answer 39

Where air particles are spread out in a sound wave.

Question 40

define reflected

Answer 40

when a sound counces off a surface

Question 41

define semi circular canal

Answer 41

part of the ear that helps with balance

Question 42

define superpose

Answer 42

when two waves meet and add togethere

Question 43

define transverse

Answer 43

a wave where particles move up and down not along the wave

Question 44

define trough

Answer 44

the lowest point of a wave

Question 45

define ultrasound

Answer 45

sound above human hearing. used in medical scans.

Question 46

define vibrations

Answer 46

A fast movement back and forth that makes sound.

Question 47

define wavelength

Answer 47

The distance between two wave peaks or troughs.