Particles Flashcards
(33 cards)
Solid:
How do the particles move? The arrangement of the particles? Can it be compressed? Can it flow
Particles do not move around but vibrate on the spot.
They are compact
They cant be compressed because there is no space between particles
They cant flow because the particles don’t move around
Liquid:
How do the particles move? The arrangement of the particles? Can it be compressed? Can it flow
Particles are touching but can slide over each other
They are compact on the bottom but spread out on the top
They cant be compressed because the particles are touching their neighbours
The particles can flow because the particles can slide over each other and move around
Gas:
How do the particles move? The arrangement of the particles? Can it be compressed? Can it flow
Particles are spread out and far away from each other
They do not touch each other and float around
They can be compressed because there is space between the particles
They can flow because the particles can move around
Explain the process of melting
- Particles gain energy from the surroundings
- Particles vibrate faster
- Particles lose their place in the pattern
Explain the process of boiling/evaporation
- Particles gain more energy from the surroundings
- Particles move faster
- Particles pull completely away from eachother
Explain what sublimation is
When a state changes directly from solid to gas without turning into a liquid
Explain the definition of diffusion
The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration
What is the effect on diffusion in the variable temperature
diffusion is faster at higher temperatures because particles move faster when hotter
What is the effect on diffusion in the variable particle size
diffusion is slower with larger heavier particles
What is the effect on diffusion in the variable state of matter
diffusion is
- fast in gases
- slow in liquids
- doesnt happen in solids
Define the melting point
the temperature at which a substance melts
Define the boiling point
the temperature at which a substance boils
What happens if you heat a solid up and plot a graph against time
the melting point will appear as a flat line if the substance us pure (has only one type of character)
if you don’t see a flat line the substance is a mixture (has different types of particle)
Define gas pressure
gas particles move around, colliding with the walls of the container they are in. This causes a force called pressure. It depends on three variables
what is the effect in gas pressure on the variable temperature
pressure increases at higher temperatures because particles move faster and therefore collide more frequently with the container
what is the effect in gas pressure on the variable particle size
pressure increases with greater numbers of particles because there are more particles colliding with the walls of the container.
what is the effect in gas pressure on the variable state of container
pressure decreases as the size of the container increases because particles have more space to move around, so they don’t collide with the walls of the container as often
Define Boiling
when a liquid turns into a gas quickly by heating
Define boiling point
the temperature at which a liquid starts to boil
Define change of state
when a substance changes from a solid to liquid, liquid to gas or the other way round
Define condensation
when a gas turns down and turns into a liquid
Define diffusion
the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to low concentration
Define evaportaion
when a liquid slowly changes into a gas from the surface
Define freezing
when a liquid becomes a solid by cooling
