Bones quiz 1

Question 1

blast

Answer 1

immature

Question 2

chondro

Answer 2

cartilage

Question 3

clast

Answer 3

to break

Question 4

dia

Answer 4

through

Question 5

epi

Answer 5

over

Question 6

meta

Answer 6

after beyond

Question 7

myelo

Answer 7

marrow

Question 8

osteo

Answer 8

bone

Question 9

peri

Answer 9

around

Question 10

physis

Answer 10

growing

Question 11

Functions of Bone and Skeletal System (6)

Answer 11

support, protection, assistance in movement, mineral homeostasis, blood cell production, triglyceride storage

Question 12

_____framework for the body

Answer 12

Support

Question 13

____bones protect many internal organs

Answer 13

Protection

Question 14

______skeletal muscles attach to bones & bones function as levers

Answer 14

Assistance in Movement

Question 15

time to reform skeleton

Answer 15

7 years

Question 16

quiz Thursday with diagram

Question 17

____ bones store many minerals
such as calcium and phosphorus

Answer 17

Mineral Homeostasis

Question 18

______ is the formation of blood cells occurring in red bone marrow

Answer 18

Blood Cell Production – hematopoiesis

Question 19

______yellow bone marrow, primarily in hollow interior of the middle portion of long bones
- Serves as a potential chemical energy reserve

Answer 19

Triglyceride Storage

Question 20

Diaphysis

Answer 20

shaft

Question 21

_____distal or proximal end of long bones.

Answer 21

Epiphysis –

Question 22

_____point of union of diapysis and epiphysis, includes epiphyseal growth plate

Answer 22

Metaphysis

Question 23

_____ thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis, found at articular (joint) surfaces

Answer 23

Articular Cartilage

Question 24

_______membrane around the outer surface of bone that is not covered by articular cartilage

Answer 24

Periosteum

Question 25

Periosteum attached to underlying bone matrix by ______of collagen

Answer 25

perforating fibers

Question 26

Periosteum ______outer layer of dense, irregular connective tissue, containing blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves that all serve the bone

Answer 26

fibrous layer -

Question 27

Periosteum ______- inner layer of elastic fibers, blood vessels and osteogenic cells (stem cells)

Answer 27

osteogenic layer

Question 28

______ space inside the diaphysis containing yellow bone marrow in adults (triglycerides for energy storage)

Answer 28

Medullary Cavity -

Question 29

______lining of the medullary cavity contains osteogenic cells and osteoclasts

Answer 29

Endosteum -

Question 30

slide 5 figure 6.1 p137 diagram for quiz

Question 31

Four types of cells are present in bone tissue

Answer 31

Osteogenic cells, Osteoblasts, Osteocytes, Osteoclasts

Question 32

______ Unspecialized cells (stem cells) that can undergo mitosis and develop into osteoblasts found in the inner portion of the periosteum and in the endosteum

Answer 32

Osteogenic cells

Question 33

Bone-building cells Synthesize extracellular matrix and mineral of bone tissue Become trapped in the matrix and are then called osteocytes

Answer 33

Osteoblasts

Question 34

principal cell of bone tissue mature osteoblasts trapped in the matrix cannot divide by mitosis do not secrete matrix materials maintain bone tissue via exchange of nutrients, gases and wastes

Answer 34

Osteocytes

Question 35

____ huge cells derived from the fusion of as many as 50 monocytes (a blood cell) located in the endosteum involved in bone reabsorption (destruction of matrix) ruffled border is the site of exocytosis of protons & lysosomal enzymes that digest bone

Answer 35

Osteoclasts

Question 36

osteoblasts become _____ after being trapped in the matrix

Answer 36

osteocytes

Question 37

calcium phosphate and calcium hydroxide combine to form _____ which then combined with calcium carbonate and small amounts of magnesium, fluoride and sulfate provides hardness to the bone

Answer 37

hydroxyapatite

Question 38

all of these mineral salts are deposited upon the matrix framework formed by ______, the salts crystallize and the tissue hardens

Answer 38

collagen fibers

Question 39

all of these mineral salts are deposited upon the matrix framework formed by collagen fibers, the salts crystallize and the tissue hardens this process is called _____or ______

Answer 39

calcification, mineralization

Question 40

______ Bone - contains few spaces forms the external layer of all bones of the body and the bulk the diaphyses of long bones provides support and protection resists loading stresses

Answer 40

Compact or Dense

Question 41

_______(Haversian Canals) run along the length of bone carrying vessels and nerves

Answer 41

Central Canals

Question 42

_______ are rings of hard calcified matrix formed around the central canals, which together form ______ - the basic structural unit of compact bone

Answer 42

Concentric Lamellae, osteons

Question 43

be able to list 6 functions of bones