Integumentary system part 1 Flashcards
1
Q
melan
A
black
2
Q
onych
A
nail
3
Q
plas
A
formation
4
Q
purpur
A
purple
5
Q
seb
A
sebum
6
Q
squam
A
scale
7
Q
trich
A
hair
8
Q
xer
A
dry
9
Q
image figure 5.1a slide 4 integumentary on quiz and test wed the 30th tes
A
10
Q
test cell function, histology, integumentary
A
11
Q
Structure of the Epidermis ____, keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelial tissue
A
Avascular
12
Q
____(make up 90% of the cell types)
A
Keratinocytes
13
Q
Keratinocytes produce and fills up with ____
A
keratin
14
Q
Keratinocytes produces _____
A
lamellar granules
15
Q
______
8 % of epidermal cells
A
Melanocytes
16
Q
Melanocytes produce _____
A
melanin
17
Q
_____
arise in bone marrow and migrate to epidermis
A
Langerhans cells
18
Q
_____
found in deepest layer of epidermis attached to keratinocytes by desmosomes
A
Merkel cells
19
Q
Merkel cells connect to _______ (nerve endings) and may function in touch
A
Merkel (tactile) discs
20
Q
_____ deepest layer of the epidermis
A
stratum basale
21
Q
stratum spinosum
8 - 10 rows of closely packed ______
A
spiny, polyhedral keratinocyte cells
22
Q
_____ 3 - 5 rows of flattened keratinocyte cells that develop darkly staining granules
A
stratum granulosum
23
Q
stratum granulosum contain_______ for secretion of lipids for water-proofing between cells
A
lamellar granules
24
Q
stratum granulosum cell begin to undergo ______ – genetically pre-programmed cell death involving lysosomes
A
apoptosis
25
stratum lucidum found only in the _____
skin of the palms of the hands and the soles of the feet
26
stratum lucidum 3-5 layers of ___, flat, dead keratinocytes
clear
27
stratum corneum 25-30 rows of flat dead keratinocytes completely filled with the tough protein____ and surrounded by lipids from lamellar granules
keratin
28
a ____ is an abnormal thickening of the stratum corneum due to constant friction
callus
29
two types of skin
thin skin, thick skin
30
_____ is a skin condition in which keratinization is greatly accelerated (7-10 days)
psoriasis
31
2 layers of the dermis
papillary region, reticular region
32
papillary region consists of ______ with fine elastic fibers
areolar connective tissue
33
____ indent the epidermis and contain capillary loops Meissner's corpuscles or corpuscles of touch
dermal papillae
34
reticular region consists of _____ with bundles of collagen and course elastic fibers
dense, irregular connective tissue
35
____ scars are slightly raised above the original wound
hypertrophic
36
____ abnormal healing causes the scar to extend well beyond the boundaries of the original wound
keloid scars
37
____ is produced by melanocytes
melanin
38
____ is a recessive disorder
unable to synthesize tyrosinase so no skin, eye or hair pigmentation
Albinism
39
no oxygen would result in blue skin called ____
cyanotic
40
3 things that contribute to skin color
melanin, carotene, hemoglobin
41
where does the hair grow?
germinal layer/matrix
42
medical name for ear wax
surrumen
43
eccrine sweat gland goes to the ______
surface
44
apocrine sweat gland goes to the ______
hair follicle
45
in humans, hair functions in ______
protection
46
hair also plays a sensory role
at the base of hairs are______ (hair root plexuses) which are activated when the hair is moved
touch receptors
47
the hair itself is ____, composed of a column of keratinized cells
dead
48
the _____extends out of the follicle
shaft
49
the____is below the epidermis
root
50
______ consist of 3 layers of cells
the shaft and root
51
_____surrounds the root
hair follicle
52
enlarged ____ at the base of the hair follicle
bulb
53
a ring of cells forming the _____ where the hair grows by mitosis
germinal layer
54
_____produce oil for lubrication
sebaceous glands –
55
_____ bands of smooth muscle that attach the hair follicle to the superficial dermis
arrector pili
56
at the base of each hair follicle are nerve endings called ______; sensitive to hair movement or touch
hair root plexuses
57
______ disorder of excessive hair growth in women (and some men)
Hirsutism -
58
excess ______ (male sex hormones) normally found in only minute quantities in women
androgens
59
A specific androgen (di-hydro-testosterone) in some males (and in some women) causes ________ by follicular miniaturization, in which the hair follicle begins to deteriorate
male-pattern baldness
60
During the _______, cells of the matrix differentiate, keratinize, and die. As new cells are added at the base and the hair grows longer.
growth stage
61
When growth of the hair stops, the ______ begins.
resting stage
62
Sebaceous (Oil) Glands are usually associated with____
hair follicles
63
the secreting portion of the sebaceous gland lies in the ____
dermis
64
Sebaceous (Oil) Glands secrete ____ which is a mixture of ________
sebum, triglycerides, cholesterol, salts, proteins
65
Sebaceous (Oil) Glands function
to keep hair and skin from ______
protects against the growth of some ____
drying out, bacteria
66
_____ on the face result from accumulation of sebum in pores of the face
blackheads
67
_____ are due to inflammation resulting from the growth of bacteria feeding on sebum in follicles enlarged due to puberty hormones
acne and pimples
68
Sudoriferous (Sweat) Glands millions of coiled, tubular glands which _______
open onto the skin surface
69
Sudoriferous (Sweat) Glands_____ is primarily a mixture of water and salts with a small amount of waste products (urea), glucose and other components
sweat
70
Two types of sudoriferous sweat glands
eccrine sweat glands, apocrine sweat glands
71
eccrine sweat glands associated with _____
watery sweat
72
eccrine sweat glands_______ for temperature regulation
evaporative cooling
73
apocrine sweat glands
______ containing ______ along with the other watery components
viscous sweat, lipids and proteins
74
apocrine sweat glands duct opens into ________
hair follicles of armpits and pubic region,
75
Ceruminous Glands ceru means ___
wax
76
Ceruminous Glands found in the ear canal or _______
external auditory meatus
77
Ceruminous Glands actually open into ducts of _______in the ear canal
sebaceous glands
78
______ the mixture of the two gland products, provides a sticky substance to prevent the invasion of foreign bodies
cerumen
79
fingernails are composed of tightly packed, clear and hard _______
keratinized cells
80
the nail itself is divided into two parts
nail body (visible part) , nail root (buried in the skin)
81
nails; ______ extends beyond the end of the digit
free edge
82
______ is the thickened stratum corneum that secures the free edge of the nail at the fingertip
hyponychium
83
______ or cuticle, is composed of stratum corneum and is found on the margins and proximal edge of the nail
eponychium
84
_____(little moon) is the white crescent at the base of the nail
lunula
85
the site of nail growth is the ____
matrix
86
_______ underneath the root of the nail are transformed into nail cells as cells are pushed forward away from the nail root
epidermal cells
87
Signs of inflammation are:
________________
redness, pain, swelling, heat, loss of function
88
