cell structure after test 1

Question 1

_______involves copying the DNA nucleotide sequence of the gene into a messenger RNA (mRNA) nucleotide sequence

Answer 1

transcription

Question 2

only one strand of the DNA double-helix serves as a template for mRNA synthesis, the ________

Answer 2

sense strand

Question 3

_______ involves nucleotide sequence of mRNA into a sequence of amino acids forming a protein

Answer 3

translation

Question 4

protein synthesis takes place where you find ribosomes ______________

Answer 4

free in the cytosol and upon the outer surface of rough ER

Question 5

amino acids on adjacent tRNA are joined together by ________ to form polypeptides

Answer 5

peptide bonds

Question 6

a _____ is a sequence of nucleotides on a chromosome coding for a particular protein

Answer 6

gene

Question 7

______ are the two copies of a gene which come from father and mother

Answer 7

alleles

Question 8

DNA is transcribed to rna which is translated to ______

Answer 8

protein

Question 9

if the two alleles are the same its called _____

Answer 9

homozygous

Question 10

if the two alleles are different its called _______

Answer 10

heterozygous

Question 11

if you need two mutant or faulty forms of the allele (homozygous) to exhibit the disorder, the disorder is _____

Answer 11

recessive

Question 12

a _____ is a person who has one mutant copy and one normal copy of the gene, but does not have the disease since the normal copy serves the function adequately

Answer 12

carrier

Question 13

if you need only one faulty allele (heterozygous), the disorder is _______

Answer 13

dominant

Question 14

autosomal genetic disorders

Question 15

if the mutant allele is associated with the X-chromosome, it’s called a ________

Answer 15

sex-linked disorder

Question 16

_______ are conditions caused by genetic mutations or alterations in the non-sex chromosomes

Answer 16

Autosomal genetic disorders

Question 17

how many RBC made in a second

Answer 17

2 million

Question 18

how many pairs of chromosomes

Answer 18

23 pairs or 46 per cell

Question 19

______cell division allows multicellular organisms to develop from a single cell (the fertilized egg or zygote

Answer 19

growth

Question 20

cell division is useful for (2)

Answer 20

growth, repair or replacement of damaged and dead cells

Question 21

DNA is packaged as ______ when the cell is dividing

Answer 21

chromosomes

Question 22

DNA appears as a spiralling helix of two polynucleotide strands known as a ___________

Answer 22

double helix

Question 23

thymine pairs with adenine retrieval que

Answer 23

apple goes with tree

Question 24

cytosine pairs with guanine retrieval que

Answer 24

car goes with garage

Question 25

DNA stands for _________

Answer 25

deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 26

DNA semi conservative replication

Question 27

______base pairs of DNA for a cell to divide

Answer 27

3 billion

Question 28

The remaining time between cell divisions is referred to as _____

Answer 28

interphase

Question 29

somatic cell division is called ____

Answer 29

mitosis

Question 30

sexual cell division is called _____

Answer 30

meiosis

Question 31

with both types of cell division, the nuclear envelope disappears and the chromosomes are organized and pulled to opposite poles (ends) of the cell by the _______

Answer 31

spindle apparatus

Question 32

note that the division of the cytoplasm in both types of cell division is called _____

Answer 32

cytokinesis

Question 33

of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans, there are actually 22 pairs of _____ and 1 pair of ______

Answer 33

autosomes, sex chromosomes

Question 34

the _____(sex cells) they produce have a single set of the chromosomes or half the number of chromosomes

Answer 34

gametes

Question 35

________ or the precise breakage and reunion of two non-sister chromatids

Answer 35

crossing over

Question 36

_____ occurs in sex cells of ovaries or testes

Answer 36

meiosis

Question 37

_____ results in 4 non-identical gametes

Answer 37

meiosis

Question 38

____ DNA replication

Answer 38

mitosis

Question 39

_____ occurs in somatic (body) cells

Answer 39

mitosis

Question 40

______ daughter cells identical to parent

Answer 40

mitosis

Question 41

________results in two identical daughter cells

Answer 41

mitosis

Question 42

The first steps in the breakdown of glucose, called _____

Answer 42

glycolysis

Question 43

mitosis is _______ cell division

Answer 43

asexual

Question 44

Meiosis is _____ cell division

Answer 44

sexual

Question 45

of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans, there are actually 22 pairs of _____ and 1 pair of _______

Answer 45

of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans, there are actually 22 pairs of autosomes and 1 pair of sex chromosomes

Question 46

_____ occurs in somatic (body) cells

Answer 46

mitosis occurs in somatic (body) cells

Question 47

_____ occurs in sex cells of ovaries or testes

Answer 47

meiosis occurs in sex cells of ovaries or testes

Question 48

_____ has one cell division

Answer 48

mitosis

Question 49

in _____ chromosome # retained - diploid (2n)

Answer 49

mitosis

Question 50

in ____ chromosomes number is halved- haploid

Answer 50

meiosis

Question 51

_____ has two cell divisions

Answer 51

meiosis

Question 52

The first steps in the breakdown of glucose, called _______, occur in the cytoplasm

Answer 52

The first steps in the breakdown of glucose, called glycolysis, occur in the cytoplasm

Question 53

***the _____ system delivers the oxygen to the tissues

Answer 53

circulatory

Question 54

Aerobic cellular respiration consumes the two pyruvic acid, takes place in ________

Answer 54

Aerobic cellular respiration consumes the two pyruvic acid, takes place in mitochondria

Question 55

______ is the energy currency of living cells

Answer 55

ATP is the energy currency of living cells

Question 56

____ ATP molecules are produced, two from glycolysis in the cytoplasm and 34 from the Krebs cycle

Answer 56

36 ATP molecules are produced, two from glycolysis in the cytoplasm and 34 from the Krebs cycle

Question 57

in the______the ETC cannot be utilized because the final electron acceptor (oxygen) is absent

Answer 57

in the absence of oxygen, the ETC cannot be utilized because the final electron acceptor (oxygen) is absent

Question 58

for every one glucose molecule consumed ______molecules are produced

Answer 58

2 ATP

Question 59

Quiz thursday oct 17th

Question 60

reticular fibers form the (framework) ____ of many soft organs

Answer 60

stroma