Booklet 3 - Impact of war 1937-1941 Flashcards
(22 cards)
rape of nanjing - cause
shanghai defeat
which left nanjing open to attack
(also the japanese were angry at the fact that they were in a drawn out war)
rape of nanjing - japan entering the city
3 days of heavy bombardment
former warlord Tang (leader of Nanjing) fled
which allowed japan to enter the city
rape of nanjing - first day of japanese occupation
24,000 chinese surrendered
which angered the japanese - went against their culture of honour
rape of nanjing - rapes
80,000
2000 per day
rape of nanjing - how long did it last
from december 1937 for six weeks
rape of nanjing - beheading
beheading competition between two japanese lieutenants - first to reach 150
japanese viewed chinese as subhuman
seizure of coast
japanese decide to capture all port cities
wuhan (the de facto war capital) falls with little resistance in october 1938
left japan with complete naval supremacy
Tai’erzhuang
major chinese victory
under Li Zongren
10,000 japanese casualties
showed how china was giving japan stiff opposition
yellow river dykes
destroyed in 1938
as the nationalists fell back to wuhan
managed to delay japanese by 3 months
but 3 million made homeless and half a million drowned
soviet assistance to china
after germany recalled its advisors to china (anti-comintern pact between japan and germany in 1937)
but wuhan still fell in october 1938
(50,000 rifles, 10,000 machine guns, 900 aircraft)
moving to chongqing
2000 enterprises
15,000 art treasures
transported downriver
first company to be reestablished was Shanghai Machine Works
chongqing as a capital
poor, backwards, little public transport
commissioned compulsory grain purchasing and a new tax programme - unpopular
^ gave rise to mass corruption
japanese attacking chongqing
1939 began aerial bombardment
killed thousands and destroyed property
usa support (pre pearl harbour)
financial support - loans from 25-50 billion used to stabilise economy
allowed china to purchase war supplies from them (e.g. 100 P-40 fighter planes)
economic sanctions to japan - froze assets in US banks in 1940
Pearl Harbour date
7th december 1941
pearl harbour place
us pacific fleet base in hawaii
what happened at pearl harbour
US navy suffered 5 battleships sunk
and 2400 servicemen were killed
caused US to declare war on Japan
US aid after pearl harbour
loan of 500 million dollars
further 630 million dollars in Lend Lease programme
after the Burma Road was captured by Japan, US pilots flew supplies in over the Himalayas (the Hump)
what percentage of japanese troops were stationed in china
40%
why did china spent 1939-41 fighting japan alone?
1939 nazi-soviet pact ended USSR support to china
china holding out for foreign help
why did japan actually attack pearl harbour
wanted control of colonies in the pacific without us threat
us outproduced japan..
9:1 industrially
