BST CHAPTER 7.1 - 7.6 Flashcards
(12 cards)
7.1 Evolution of Bangla Language Sanskrit
Austro Asiatic —> Ancient Vedic / - a formal language
- it was a mix - the Mauryans / with a written form
of tribal conquered / - used to write official,
languages Ancient Bengal literary and religious
and introduced \ documents
- it was spoken a new language \ - spoken by royalties,
priests, upper class
\ and scholars
by the original \ Prakrit
inhabitants - informal —> Pali - developed
by Buddhist scholars
of Ancient language
Bengal spoken by
commoners —> Apabhrangsha
–> Bangla
- directly originates
evolved from
Apabhrangsha
- some Bengali words
were directly taken
from Sanskrit
QNA FROM MARKED WORK-
Write three facts about Bangla language
a) The Bengali language was originally a mix of tribal languages and has evolved a lot over the hundreds of years.
b) Bangla is an Indo - Aryan language.
c) Bangla directly originates from a language called Apabhrangsha.
Describe in detail what you know about Sanskrit and Prakrit languages
The language Ancient Vedic evolved into two divisions known as Sasnkrit and Prakrit. Sanskrit is a formal language used by royalties, priests, upper class and scholars. The wriiten form of this language was used in official, religious and literary documents. Meanwhile, Prakrit was an informal language used by commoners
Definition of Charayapada
“Charayapada” was a collection og 47 spiritual poems composed by Buddhist monks during the reigns of the Pala and Sena kings. It is the oldest known specimen of the Bangla language
Arrange in order Austro Asiatic, Modern Bangla, Brahmi, Kutila
Austro-Asiatic –> Brahmi –> Kutila –> Modern Bangla
QNA FROM COPY-
Explain the process of turning palm leaves into writing materials
Firstly, during the ancient times, the Buddhist monks would go out into the forest and collect partially matured leaves in large batches.
Then, the leaves would be cut as per desired shape and size. After this, the would be boiled in herb water to be made insect proof. (This was important because in those days, they mainly were out in the open with many insects). After boiling, they would be extensively dried out in the sun and then rubbed with oil to make them durable, (Lastly the edges would be sanded and the pages were tied together). This entire process would take around a month and in the end, the monks would be produced with durable, waterproof and insect proof material
(REST OF NOTES TO BE DONE FROM THE TEST, BOOK AND QNA IN CW COPY)
Discuss the four achievements/contributions of Atish Dipankar
Firsty he wrote books on buddhism, medicine and science. Secondly, he translated and edited more than two hundred books into the Tibetan language. Thirdly, he held a very high rank second to the Gautam Buddha (and he was worshipped as a prophet). lastly, he was given the prestigious title “Atish” which meant “the greatest”, by the Emperor of China. His birthplace is still known to the local people as “ponditer bhita” which means the “homestead of the Pundit - a learned man”.
Write a 5 facts about Nalanda University
(1) Nalanda University was one of the most important and famous Buddhist monasteries of learning
(2) (According to Hiuen - Tsang) Nalanda was one of the world’s first residential universities, which had dormitories for 10,000 students and 2,000 teachers.
(3) A variety of subjects were taught at Nalanda (apart from religious studies) including Mathematics, Physics, Literature, etc.
(4) Nalanda was a very fair university as no fees were charged and only the best students were admitted after a tough entrance test.
(5) This university helped to spread ancient culture throughout Asia and was supported by the revenue of donations from rich merchants and kings.
QNA FROM TEST 7.4 - 7.6
- A stylus was used to inscribe religious documents and horoscopes into the palm leaves.
- Atish was born into a Hindu royal family who later became influenced by the teachings of Buddhism.
- The Palas ensured that a proper code of conduct was also taught in the monastic universities.
- Nalanda University was funded by donations from merchants and kings
- Scholars from Tibet and China came to study and work in Nalanda.
- Silabhadra was a knowledgeable monk who was appointed as the principal.
Who gave Dipankar Srijnan the title of “atish” and why did he deserve it?
Dipankar Srijnan was given the title of “atish” (meaning “the greatest”) by the Emperor of China. This was because he had a vast knowledge since he became a master of the teachings of Buddhism. Dipankar has accomplished some great achievements as well, because he wrote and edited many books. He also translated more than two hundred books into the Tibetan language. Dipankar had also been worshipped as a prophet, second to the rank of Gautam Buddha.
List three similarities and two differences that you find between the current education system and Nalanda University
Similarities:
(1) In Nalanda University, only the best students would be admitted after a tough entrance, just like today’s education syste,
(2) A variety of subjects were taught like mathematics, medicine, physics, literature, etc.
(3) A set of values and a code of conduct would also be taught to the students.
Differences:
(1) There was no fee charged unlike the current education system (where people must pay a tuition)
(2) The current schools/universities are more modern and aren’t monasteries. Also they are mainly non residential
