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NBCOT > Burns > Flashcards

Burns Flashcards

1
Q

rule used to estimate the total body surface area that has been burned for adults

A

rule of 9’s

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2
Q

rule used to estimate the total body surface area that has been burned for children and infants

A

Lund-Browder chart

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3
Q

burn that involves the superficial epidermis; pain is minimal to moderate with no blistering or erythema; healing time is 3-7 days (1 week)

A

superficial (first degree) burn

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4
Q

burn that involves the epidermis and upper dermis layer with significant pain and wet blistering and erythema present; healing time is 1-3 weeks

A

superficial partial-thickness burn (superficial 2nd degree burn)

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5
Q

burn that involves the epidermis and the deep dermis layers, hair follicles, and sweat glands with severe pain even to light tough; erythema present with or without blisters; high risk for turning to full thickness burn due to infection; grafting considered; may have impaired sensation and high potential for hypertrophic scar; healing time is 3-5 weeks

A

deep partial-thickness burn (deep 2nd degree burn)

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6
Q

burn that involves the epidermis and dermis, hair follicles, sweat glands, and nerve endings; burn is pain free and no sensation to light touch; burn is pale and non blanching and requires skin graft; extremely high potential for hypertrophic scar

A

full-thickness (3rd degree burn)

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7
Q

full-thickness burn with damage to underlying tissue such as fat, muscles, and bones; charring present; if electrical, nerve destruction along pathway; surgical intervention for wound closure/amputation; extremely high potential for hypertrophic scar

A

subdermal burn

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8
Q

mechanism of burn that results in tissue necrosis rather than direct heat production

A

chemical burn

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9
Q

what type of chemical burn is the worst

A

alkali burn > acid burn

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10
Q

what type of electrical burn is the most dangerous because of the greater degree of muscle contraction and which makes it difficulty to voluntarily control muscles for release

A

low-voltage alternating current > direct current

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11
Q

how long does the emergent phase of a burn last

A

0-72 hours

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12
Q

type of biological dressing that is bovine skin or processed pig skin

A

xenograft

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13
Q

type of biological dressing that is human cadaver skin

A

allograft

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14
Q

how long does the acute phase of burn management last

A

72 hours until the wound is closed (days or months)

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15
Q

transplantation of the persons own skin from an unburned donor site to the burned receiving site

A

autograft

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16
Q

type of skin graft where the full epidermal and partial dermal layer are taken from the donor site with a high chance of graft survival

A

split-thickness skin graft

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17
Q

type of skin graft that includes the full thickness of the epidermal and dermal layers plus a percentage of fat layers taken from the donor site with lower change of graft survival; outcome is functionally and cosmetically better if there is graft adherence

A

full-thickness skin graft

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18
Q

when the donor graft is stretched to cover a greater area of the receiving area

A

meshed graft

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19
Q

when the donor graft is removed and laid down on the receiving area as is

A

sheet graft

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20
Q

what is the role of OT in the emergent phase of a burn

A

splinting and anti-deformity positioning

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21
Q

how long is the immobilization period after a skin graft

A

3-10 days

22
Q

should ROM be initiated if there are exposed tendons

A

no

23
Q

to avoid pooling of fluid and blood in the lower extremities in dependent of standing positions, what can the therapist do

A

apply compression wrapping

24
Q

how long is the immobilization period of the donor site after a skin graft

A

2-3 days

25
Q

when is ambulation resumed after grafting in the LEs

A

5-7 days

26
Q

after the immobilization period of a skin graft, what type of ROM should be initiated

A

gentle AROM

27
Q

should be performed several times a day in the rehabilitation phase to prevent dry skin from splitting because of shearing forces or over stretching during movement and exercise

A

skin lubrication

28
Q

can be used to desensitize a hypersensitive grafted site or burn scare; can reduce shearing forces and prevent splitting of immature or problematic scar tissue

A

skin massage

29
Q

what type of compression is useful for the fingers

A

coban

30
Q

how long can a scar take to mature

A

1 to 2 years

31
Q

what psychosocial disorder is common with burns

A

PTSD

32
Q

when is a scar most apparent

A

6-8 weeks after closure

33
Q

when is a scare most active

A

initial 4-6 months

34
Q

how to prevent a hypertrophic scar

A

early compression therapy

35
Q

persistent itching that can lead to skin maceration and reopening of the wound; can be alleviated by cold

A

pruritis

36
Q

what is the standard splinting position for the hand if there is a circumferential hand burn

A

volar hand splint

37
Q

what precautions should be taken with dorsal hand butns

A

Boutonniere precautions- no composite flexion until integrity of dorsal hood confirmed

38
Q

what type of edema measurement is contraindicated for open wounds

A

volumeter

39
Q

what type of burn typically results from a chemical burn

A

full thickness

40
Q

what type of burn typically results from an electrical burn

A

subdermal

41
Q

rule of 9’s: percentage for front back of head

A

9%

42
Q

rule of 9’s: percentage for arms

A

9% each (18% total)

43
Q

rule of 9’s: percentage for legs

A

18% each (36% total)

44
Q

rule of 9’s: percentage for chest/back

A

18% each (36% total)

45
Q

rule of 9’s: percentage for genitals

A

1%

46
Q

when can ROM be initiated when no graft is needed

A

72 hours

47
Q

when would an intrinsic plus splint not be used for the hands

A

volar surface burns (extension)

48
Q

what type of splint should be used for a web space burn

A

C-splint

49
Q

bed positioning consideration for burns

A

no pillows under the head or knees

50
Q

what type of modalities should not be used for burns

A

heat

51
Q

how should ROM be initiated initially in the acute stage

A

each joint separately decreased the chance of rupture

NBCOT (12 decks)

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