Bus. Mang. Ch 2 Flashcards
(18 cards)
Historical perspective
Includes three viewpoints – classical, behavioral, and quantitative.
Evidence-based management
Translating principles based on best evidence into organizational practice, bringing rationality to the decision-making process
The contemporary perspective
Includes three viewpoints – systems, contingency, and quality management.
Classical viewpoint
Emphasize finding ways to manage work more efficiently, has two branches – scientific and administrative
Scientific management
Emphasizes scientific study of work methods to improve the productivity of individual workers
Administrative management
Concerned with managing the total organization
Behavioral viewpoint
Emphasize the importance of understanding human behavior and of motivating employees towards achievement. Three phases – early behaviorism, human relations movement, and behavioral science.
Behavioral science
Relies on scientific research for developing theories about human behavior that can be used to provide practical tools for managers
Quantitative management
The application to management of quantitative techniques, such as statistics and computer simulations. Two branches – management science and operations management.
Operations management
Focuses on managing the production and delivery of an organization’s products or services more effectively
Systems viewpoint
Organization as a system of interrelated parts
Four parts of the system
Inputs, outputs, transformation processes, feedback
Open system
Continually interacts with its environment
Close system
Has little interaction with its environment
Contingency viewpoint
Emphasizes that and managers approach should vary according to – that is, be contingent on – the individual and the environmental situation.
Quality management viewpoint
Includes quality control, quality assurance, and total quality management.
Total quality management TQM
A comprehensive approach – led by top management and supported throughout the organization – dedicated to continuous quality improvement, training, and customer satisfaction
Four components of TQM
Make continuous improvements a priority, get every employee involved, listen to and learn from customers and employees, use accurate standards to identify and eliminate problems.
