C1.1 - R* Atoms

Question 1

What are all substances made of?

Answer 1

All substances are made of tiny particles called atoms

Question 2

Atom

Answer 2

An atom is the smallest part of an element that can still be recognised as that element

Question 3

How many different types of atom are found naturally on Earth?

Answer 3

There are only about 100 different types of atom found naturally on Earth

Question 4

What can the about 100 different types of atom found naturally on Earth do?

Answer 4

The about 100 different types of atom found naturally on Earth can combine in a huge variety of ways

Question 5

What are a relatively small number of substances made up of?

Answer 5

A relatively small number of substances are made up of only one type of atom

Question 6

Element

Answer 6

An element is a substance made up of:

1. Only one type of atom
2. Atoms that all have the same number of protons in their nucleus

Question 7

What is an atom in relation to an element?

Answer 7

An atom is the smallest part of an element that can exist

Question 8

How many different types of elements are there?

Answer 8

As there are only about 100 different types of atom, it follows that there are only about 100 different types of elements

Question 9

What can elements have?

Answer 9

Elements can have very different properties

Question 10

What does the name used for an element depend on?

Answer 10

The name used for an element depends on the language being spoken

Question 11

What is the element sulfur in German

Answer 11

The element sulfur in German is Schwefel

Question 12

What is the element sulfur in Spanish

Answer 12

The element sulfur in Spanish is Azufre

Question 13

What does the world of science form?

Answer 13

The world of science forms a global community

Question 14

Periodic table

Answer 14

The periodic table is an arrangement of elements in the order of their atomic numbers

Question 15

What do the symbols in the periodic table represent?

Answer 15

The symbols in the periodic table represent atoms

Question 16

What does each group in the periodic table contain?

Answer 16

Each group in the periodic table contains elements with similar chemical properties

Question 17

What is the ‘staircase’ drawn on the right of the periodic table in bold black?

Answer 17

The ‘staircase’ drawn on the right of the periodic table in bold black is the dividing line between:

1. Metals
2. Non-metals

Question 18

What are the elements to the left of the bold black line on the periodic table?

Answer 18

The elements to the left of the bold black line on the periodic table are the metals

Question 19

What are the elements to the right of the bold black line on the periodic table?

Answer 19

The elements to the right of the bold black line on the periodic table are the non-metals

Question 20

What do a few elements lying next to the dividing line of the periodic table have?

Answer 20

A few elements lying next to the dividing line of the periodic table have some:
1. Metallic
2. Non-metallic
properties

Question 21

What are a few elements lying next to the dividing line, with some metallic and some non-metallic properties, of the periodic table called?

Answer 21

A few elements lying next to the dividing line, with some metallic and some non-metallic properties, of the periodic table are called:
1. Metalloids
Or,
2. Semi-metals

Question 22

What are the vast majority of substances you come across?

Answer 22

The vast majority of substances you come across are:

1. Not elements
2. Made up of different types of atom bonded together and are called compounds

Question 23

Compound

Answer 23

A compound is a substance made when 2 or more elements are chemically bonded together

Question 24

What will a sample of pure water always have?

Answer 24

A sample of pure water always have twice as many hydrogen atoms as oxygen atoms

Question 25

What hold the atoms tightly together in compounds?

Answer 25

In compounds, chemical bonds hold the atoms tightly together

Question 26

What are some compounds made from?

Answer 26

Some compounds are made from just 2 different types of atom

Question 27

Some compounds are made from just 2 different types of atom. | What do most compounds consist of?

Answer 27

Most compounds consist of more than 2 different types of atom

Question 28

What are all atoms made up of?

Answer 28

All atoms are made up of a tiny central nucleus with electrons orbiting around it

Question 29

Atoms can have different numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons. What is it that decides what type of atom it is?

Answer 29

It is the number of protons in the nucleus that decides what type of atom it is

Question 30

Atoms can have different numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons. It is the number of protons in the nucleus that decides what type of atom it is. Example

Answer 30

For example: 1. An atom with 1 proton in its nucleus is hydrogen 2. An atom with 2 protons in its nucleus is helium

Question 31

How can atoms of each element be represented?

Answer 31

``` Atoms of each element can be represented by a: 1. 1 Or, 2. 2 letter symbol ```

Question 32

Atoms of each element can be represented by a 1 or 2 letter symbol. Some make perfect sense. Examples

Answer 32

For example: 1. C = Carbon 2. O = Oxygen 3. Mg = Magnesium

Question 33

Atoms of each element can be represented by a 1 or 2 letter symbol. Some make perfect sense. Others less so. Examples

Answer 33

For example: 1. Na = Sodium 2. Fe = Iron 3. Pb = Lead

Question 34

Atoms of each element can be represented by a 1 or 2 letter symbol. Some make perfect sense. Others less so. Where do most of these odd symbols actually come from?

Answer 34

Most of these odd symbols actually come from the Latin names of the elements

Question 35

A relatively small number of substances are made up of only one type of atom. What are these substances called?

Answer 35

These substances are called elements

Question 36

Elements can have very different properties. | For example, what are elements such as silver, chromium, copper and gold?

Answer 36

``` For example, elements such as: 1. Silver 2. Chromium 3. Copper 4. Gold are shiny, solid metals ```

Question 37

Elements can have very different properties. For example, elements such as silver, chromium, copper and gold are shiny, solid metals, whereas other elements, such as oxygen, nitrogen, argon and chlorine are what?

Answer 37

For example, elements such as silver, chromium, copper and gold are shiny, solid metals, whereas other elements, such as: 1. Oxygen 2. Nitrogen 3. Argon 4. Chlorine are non-metals and are gases at room temperature

Question 38

The symbols in the periodic table represent atoms. | Example

Answer 38

For example: 1. O represents an atom of oxygen 2. Na represents an atom of sodium

Question 39

A few elements lying next to the dividing line, with some metallic and some non-metallic properties, of the periodic table are called metalloids or semi-metals. Examples

Answer 39

For example: 1. Silicon (Si) 2. Germanium (Ge) from group 4

Question 40

Some compounds are made from just 2 types of atom. | Example

Answer 40

For example: 1. Water Or, 2. Carbon dioxide

Question 41

An element cannot be what?

Answer 41

An element cannot be broken down chemically into any simpler substance

Question 42

The world of science forms a global community, and scientists from many nations do what?

Answer 42

The world of science forms a global community, and scientists from many nations: 1. Communicate with each other 2. Publish their findings

Question 43

The about 100 different types of atom found naturally on Earth can combine in a huge variety of ways, giving what?

Answer 43

The about 100 different types of atom found naturally on Earth can combine in a huge variety of ways, giving different substances

Question 44

The periodic table is an arrangement of elements in the order of their atomic numbers, forming what?

Answer 44

The periodic table is an arrangement of elements in the order of their atomic numbers, forming: 1. Groups 2. Periods

Question 45

A compound is a substance made when 2 or more elements are chemically bonded together. The atoms of each are in what throughout the compound?

Answer 45

The atoms of each are in fixed proportions throughout the compound

Question 46

Atoms of each element can be represented by a 1 or 2 letter symbol. It is a type of shorthand that saves you what?

Answer 46

It is a type of shorthand that saves you the bother of having to write the full name of the element