C5.5 - Salts from insoluble bases

Question 1

Where do acids and bases play an important part?

Answer 1

1. Acids
2. Bases
   play an important part inside all living things

Question 2

How have you probably neutralised acids in your mouth today?

Answer 2

You have probably neutralised acids in your mouth today, when you brushed your teeth with toothpaste

Question 3

Example of an alkali when neutralised acids

Answer 3

An example of an alkali when neutralising acids is sodium hydroxide solution, NaOH (aq)

Question 4

What are alkalis part of?

Answer 4

Alkalis are part of a larger class of compounds called bases

Question 5

Alkalis are part of a larger class of compounds called bases.
Bases

Answer 5

Bases are compounds that can neutralise acids

Question 6

Bases are compounds that can neutralise acids.

What bases are alkalis?

Answer 6

Alkalis are those bases that are soluble in water

Question 7

What are many bases?

Answer 7

Many bases are metal oxides

Question 8

What happens when you react an acid with a base?

Answer 8

When you react an acid with a base:
1. A salt
2. Water
are formed

Question 9

Neutralisation

Answer 9

Neutralisation is the chemical reaction of an acid with a base in which:

1. A salt
2. Water are formed

Question 10

The general equation which describes neutralisation

Answer 10

The general equation which describes neutralisation is:

Acid + Base —> A salt + Water

Question 11

Example of the oxide of a transition metal

Answer 11

An example of the oxide of a transition metal is iron(III) oxide

Question 12

What are salts made up of?

Answer 12

Salts are made up of:

1. Positive metal ions, or ammonium ions, NH4+
2. A negative ion from an acid

Question 13

The chemical formula for ammonium ions

Answer 13

Ammonium ions are NH4+

Question 14

Salts are made up of positive metal ions, or ammonium ions, NH4+ and a negative ion from an acid.
Where do the positive ions come from?

Answer 14

The positive ions come from a:
1. Metal
2. Base
Or,
2. Carbonate

Question 15

Salts are made up of positive metal ions, or ammonium ions, NH4+ and a negative ion from an acid.
The positive ions come from a metal, a base or a carbonate.
A carbonate reacts with an acid to form what?

Answer 15

A carbonate reacts with an acid to form:

1. A salt
2. Water
3. Carbon dioxide gas

Question 16

What do salts have, like all ionic compounds?

Answer 16

Like all ionic compounds, salts have no overall charge

Question 17

The charges on ions of group 1 metals

Answer 17

The charges on ions of group 1 metals are +1

Question 18

The charges on ions of group 2 metals

Answer 18

The charges on ions of group 2 metals are +2

Question 19

The charge on an aluminium ion

Answer 19

The charge on an aluminium ion is +3

Question 20

The charge on an ammonium ion

Answer 20

The charge on an ammonium ion is +1

Question 21

The charges on ions of group 7 non-metals

Answer 21

The charges on ions of group 7 non-metals are -1

Question 22

The charge on a nitrate ion

Answer 22

The charge on a nitrate ion is -1

Question 23

The charge on a sulfate ion

Answer 23

The charge on a sulfate ion is -2

Question 24

Alkalis are those bases that are soluble in water, such as what?

Answer 24

Alkalis are those bases that are soluble in water, such as the hydroxides of group 1 metals

Question 25

Many bases are metal oxides, such as what?

Answer 25

Many bases are metal oxides, such as:
1. Sodium oxide
Or,
2. Copper oxide

Question 26

Neutralisation is the chemical reaction of an acid with a base in which a salt and water are formed.
If the base is a carbonate or hydrogen carbonate, then what?

Answer 26

If the base is a:
1. Carbonate
Or,
2. Hydrogen carbonate
,carbon dioxide is also produced in the reaction

Question 27

Like all ionic compounds, salts have no overall charge, as the sum of the charges on their ions equals what?

Answer 27

Like all ionic compounds, salts have no overall charge, as the sum of the charges on their ions equals 0