C7 DNA to Protein

Question 1

What is a promoter

Answer 1

Location of the initiation of synthesis

Question 2

Three steps in Nucleic acid polymerization

Answer 2

Initiation, elongation, termination

Question 3

Bacterial RNAP uses this to help recognize the DNA sequence of a promoter

Answer 3

sigma factor

Question 4

Has polycistronic DNA (eukarya vs prokarya)

Answer 4

prokarya

Question 5

In prokaryotes, it directs RNAP to start at different promoter sequences

Answer 5

sigma factor

Question 6

number of RNA polymerases in prokaryotes

Answer 6

1

Question 7

number of RNA polymerases in eukaryotes

Answer 7

3

Question 8

Which RNAP makes rRNA in eukaryotes

Answer 8

pol I

Question 9

Which RNAP makes tRNA and snRNA in eukaryotes

Answer 9

pol III

Question 10

Which RNAP makes mRNA in eukaryotes

Answer 10

pol II

Question 11

Requires multiple general transcription factors to form a transcription initiation complex

Answer 11

RNAP 2

Question 12

The TBP region of this transcription factor binds to the TATA box within the promoter

Answer 12

TFIID

Question 13

What occurs when RNAP II transitions from initiation to elongation?

Answer 13

Initiation factors release and C-terminal domain of RNAP is phosphorylated

Question 14

Why does thymine in DNA have less error than Uracil in RNA?

Answer 14

cytosine can be deaminated to uracil. Easily recognized in DNA as error. More difficult in RNA.

Question 15

In eukaryotes, transcription occurs here

Answer 15

nucleus

Question 16

What is added to the 5’ end of a primary transcript?

Answer 16

7-methyl-G

Question 17

How does the 5cap and PolyAtail effect the mRNA?

Answer 17

Allows it to be transported out of the nucleus and increases its stability

Question 18

Single coding sequence that codes for multiple proteins

Answer 18

polycistronic

Question 19

Splicing is controlled by a ? complex known as a ?. It contains ?

Answer 19

ribonucleoprotein. spliceosome. snRNPs

Question 20

Why have splicing?

Answer 20

Additional flexibility in recombination

Question 21

snRNPs are made up of.. (2)

Answer 21

protein and snRNA

Question 22

Enzyme that catalyzes charging of tRNAs with respective amino acid

Answer 22

aminoacyl-tRNA syntetases

Question 23

Two types of Ribosomes

Answer 23

attached to rough ER and free ribosomes

Question 24

Prokaryote ribosome binding site

Answer 24

shine dalgarno

Question 25

proteins are broken down by ? often in a ?

Answer 25

proteases, proteasome

Question 26

Signal recognized by proteasome

Answer 26

ubiquitin

Question 27

RNA enzymes

Answer 27

ribozymes

Question 28

Bacteria Promoter Stuctures

Answer 28

-35 and -10 sequences and sigma factors

Question 29

Eukaryote Promoter Structures

Answer 29

TATA Box and general transcription factors

Question 30

Bacteria Ribosome mRNA binding structures

Answer 30

Shine dalgarno and AUG

Question 31

Eukaryote Ribosome mRNA binding structures

Answer 31

5'cap and AUG

Question 32

Describe eukaryotic translation initiation

Answer 32

initiator tRNA and initiation factors bind to small ribosome subunit. Snall subunit binds to mRNA. Initiator tRNA finds AUG start site. Initiation factors dissociate. Large ribosome subunit binds.