Cancer

Question 1

Cellular growth, not responding to regulation processes

Answer 1

neoplasm

Question 2

Dysplasia leads to

Answer 2

neoplasia

Question 3

Generally the neoplasms are due to a

Answer 3

mutation

Question 4

Characteristics of cancer

Answer 4

rapid
uncontrolled proliferation
loss of differentiation

Question 5

Is the formation of cancer

Answer 5

carcinogenesis

Question 6

Stages of carcinogenesis

Answer 6

1. Initiation
2. Promotion
3. Progression

Question 7

Stage of carcinogenesis that involve the exposure of the cells to environmental events such as DNA mutation, chemical, viruses or radiation

Answer 7

initiation

Question 8

Stage of carcinogenesis where the mutated cells are exposed to hormones and promote the growth

Answer 8

promotion

Question 9

Stage of carcinogenesis where the tumor invades and metastasizes

Answer 9

progression

Question 10

In the stage of progression in the carcinogenesis the damage is

Answer 10

irreversible

Question 11

Protein products that stimulate the cell growth and division

Answer 11

oncogenes

Question 12

Is the positive regulation of cell cycle

Answer 12

oncogenes

Question 13

What is an proto-oncogene?

Answer 13

precursor of oncogene

Question 14

Is the negative regulation of cell cycle

Answer 14

tumor suppressor gene

Question 15

Protein products stop cell cycle and promote apoptosis

Answer 15

tumor suppressor gene

Question 16

The tumor suppressor gene is involved in

Answer 16

DNA repair

Question 17

Tumor suppressor genes in normal cells

Answer 17

prevent cancer

Question 18

DNA changes that inactivate tumor suppressor genes can lead to

Answer 18

uncontrolled cell growth

Question 19

A tumor could be

Answer 19

benign or malignant

Question 20

Type of tumor that are usually encapsulated

Answer 20

benign

Question 21

A benign tumor ir encapsulated, that means that can’t

Answer 21

metastasize

Question 22

Type of tumor that has an irregular shape and surface

Answer 22

malign

Question 23

The malign tumor is encapsulated

Answer 23

false

Question 24

A malignant tumor needs _____ to survive

Answer 24

angiogenesis

Question 25

Clinical manifestations of cancer

Answer 25

``` anemia cachexia fatigue infections leukopenia thrombocytopenia pain ```

Question 26

Is the decrease in the synthesis of leukocytes

Answer 26

leukopenia

Question 27

Low platelets level

Answer 27

thrombocytopenia

Question 28

Infections in cancer are due to

Answer 28

bone marrow depression

Question 29

Anemia in cancer is due to

Answer 29

bad nutrition | chronic bleeding

Question 30

Diagnosis for cancer

Answer 30

1. Identify cancer cells 2. Establish the cytology 3. Type of cancer cells

Question 31

The systemic effects of neoplasia could be

Answer 31

direct or indirect

Question 32

Type of systemic effect of neoplasia that is unpredictable

Answer 32

indirect