Skeletal Muscle

Question 1

Cells in organ increased in tissue

Answer 1

Hypertrophy

Question 2

Cells in organ increased in number

Answer 2

hyperplasia

Question 3

Hypertrophy and hyperplasia could be

Answer 3

physiological or pathological

Question 4

Cells with anormal shape and function

Answer 4

dysplasia

Question 5

Balance of protein synthesis and proteolysis produce the

Answer 5

fibre size

Question 6

Is the product of number myonuclei and proteins synthesis per myonucleus

Answer 6

protein synthesis

Question 7

Fewer cells than what is deemed a normal amount

Answer 7

hypoplasia

Question 8

Similar to hyperplasia but denotes abnormal multiplication due to loss of normal proliferation regulation and absence of stimuli

Answer 8

neoplasia

Question 9

A change in the cell type

Answer 9

metaplasia

Question 10

Metaplasia is a ____ change

Answer 10

reversible

Question 11

A reversal in differentiation or loss of structural and functional differentiation of normal cells

Answer 11

anaplasia

Question 12

Anaplasia is an ____ change

Answer 12

irreversible

Question 13

Type IV hypersensitivity is mediated by

Answer 13

T cells

Question 14

Genetic factors of Rheumatoid Arthritis are

Answer 14

HLA-DR1

HLA-DR4

Question 15

ACPA

Answer 15

Anti citrullinated protein antibody

Question 16

Is the conversion of the amino acid arginine in a protein into the amino acid citrulline

Answer 16

citrullination

Question 17

Amino acid arginine is found in

Answer 17

Type II collagen and Vimentin

Question 18

Inflammatory disease where monosodium rate crystals deposit join in joints

Answer 18

gout

Question 19

Main cause of gout

Answer 19

hyperuricemia

Question 20

Too much uric acid in the blood is called

Answer 20

hyperuricemia

Question 21

Explain the pathophysiology of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 21

1. Expose to risk factor
2. Citrullination
3. Cell activation
4. Migration
5. Inflammation
6. Cartilage and bone destruction

Question 22

Mention the 4 stages of gout

Answer 22

1. High uric acid levels
2. Acute gout
3. Intercritical gout
4. Chronic gout

Question 23

Stage of the gout where uric acid is building up in the blood and starting to form crystals around joints

Answer 23

high uric acid levels

Question 24

Stage of gout where symptoms start to occur, causing a painful gout attack

Answer 24

acute gout

Question 25

Stage of gout whit periods of remission between gout attacks

Answer 25

intercritical gout

Question 26

Stage of gout where the pain is frequent and tophi form in joints

Answer 26

chronic gout

Question 27

MSU

Answer 27

Monosodium Urate

Question 28

In gout MSU crystal deposition is detected by

Answer 28

macrophages monocytes neutrophils

Question 29

Explain the pathophysiology of gout

Answer 29

``` Normouricemia Hyperuricemia MSU crystal deposition Recurrent gout flares Chronic gouty arthritis ```

Question 30

Stages of gout where the disease is asymptomatic

Answer 30

Hyperuricemia | MSU crystal deposition

Question 31

Most common cause of dwarfism

Answer 31

Achondroplasia

Question 32

Achondroplasia is due to a mutation in

Answer 32

FGFR3

Question 33

Autosomal dominant disorder due to delayer cartilage growth

Answer 33

achondroplasia

Question 34

Is a condition in which damaged skeletal striated muscle breaks down rapidly.

Answer 34

rhabdomyolisis

Question 35

The protein _____, are harmful to the kidneys and may lead to kidney failure

Answer 35

myoglobin