Flashcards in Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Deck (34)
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1
what is cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA)
sudden cessation of spontaneous and effective ventilation and circulation lack of systemic perfusion
2
what are some examples of CPA
hypovolemia, metabolic derrangemnt, electrolyte abnormalities, cardiac dx, brain injury, drug overdose, pulmonary dx, anemia
3
what is the goal of cardiopulmonary resuscitation
the return of spontaneous circulation
4
what things may you need in a resuscitation area
crash cart, venous access, airway management, drug therapy, doppler, oxygen, EKG, defibrillator
5
what drugs may in used for drug therapy with this
Epinephrine, atropine, diazepam, lidocaine, reversal agent
6
if airway is obscured what do we do
use a suction device
7
how can we verify airway intubation
proper chest movement, direct visualization, palpation, ETCO2
8
what patients cannot be intubated orotracheally
foreign bodies, pharyngeal swelling/mass, trauma, dental fixation
9
what we do use to ventilate a patient with
100% oxygen
10
what is the goal of cardiac compression
to pump blood to the lungs for as exchange -> systemic arterial blood flow, or to maximize blood flow to the coronary and cerebral vascular beds
11
what are the 2 theories of chest compression
thoracic pump, and cardiac pump
12
when do we use the thoracic pump
larger patients - over 10 kg
13
when do we use the cardiac pump
smaller patients, keel-chested dogs, flat chested dogs
14
what is the thoracic pump theory for circulation
overall increase in intrathoracic pressure
-promotes blood flow from the aorta into the systemic circulation
-blood is suctioned into the vena cava during recoil phase
15
what is the thoracic pump theory for chest compression
the heart acts a channel (blood flows passively through the heart)
-use the widest portion of the thorax
16
what is the cardiac pump theory for chest compression
direct compression of the heart, lateral recumbency, directly over the heart
17
what is interposed abdominal compression (3rd way/ 2ppl)
abdomen is compressed during relaxation phase of chest compression, increased effectiveness venous return and forward flow
18
when do we not use interposed abdominal compressison
known abdominal trauma, hemoperitoneum, recent abd sx
19
what are the current recommendations for chest compressions
lateral recumbency, 100-120 bpm, 1/3 to 1/2 chest diameter, 2 min cycle
20
what is internal compression direct internal cardiac compression
greater CO + BP, better perfusion, direct assess to ventricles, aortic inclusion
21
when might we do a direct interal cardiac compresion
very large dog, rib fractures, severe plerual effusion, pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, when ROSC is not achieved in approx 5 min.
22
what should we do for BLS
ABC assessment (don't do if patient is apneic) -> CPR
Chest compression, intubate and ventilate full 2 min cycle without interruptions. Connect EKG and Capnograph
23
what fluids do we use
crystal/colloid fluid therapy
24
what is a intracardiac injection not recommended
risk of lacerating lung tissues, coronary vasculature, arrhymias
25
what should we know about atropine
vagolytic, vagal arrests, V/D, urinating/ defecating, laryngeal manipulation
26
what should we know about epinephine
vasoconstriction
ino/chronotropic
low dose every other compression cycle
high dose with prolonged CPR >10 min
may become ineffective in an acidic environment
27
what should we know about Lidocaine and Amiodarone
antiarrhythmic, (Amiodarone - do not use to IT admin), indicated for prolonged CPR, reversal agents
28
what is electrical defibrillation
application of an electrical shock to terminate a cardiac arrhythmia, global depolarization of myocadium
29
what is monophasic defibrillation
current is delievered in one direction between paddles
30
