Flashcards in Cardiovascular Disorders Deck (150)
Loading flashcards...
1
most common site of coronary artery occlusion
left anterior descending artery
2
heart region supplied by left anterior descending artery
anterior wall of left ventricle
3
heart region supplied by LAD septal branch
anterior 2/3 of interventricular septum
4
heart region supplied by left coronary circumflex branch
left atrium, posterolateral left ventricle
5
heart region supplied by right coronary posterior descending branch
inferior wall of left ventricle, posterior 1/3 of interventricular septum
6
heart region supplied by right coronary marginal branch
right atrium, right ventricle
7
heart region supplied by right coronary nodal branches
SA and AV nodes
8
gold standard for identifying coronary artery disease
coronary aniography
9
next step when exercise stress test is equivocal
nuclear exercise test with thallium-201 or technetium-99m-sestamibi during exercise testing
10
second line when comorbidities prevent exercise stress test
pharmacologic stress testing with dobutamine
11
age to begin screening for hyperlipidemia
men after age 35
women after age 45
12
goal LDL for patients at high risk for CAD
< 100 mg/dL
13
goal LDL for patients with 2+ risk factors for CAD
< 130 mg/dL
14
goal LDL for patients with 0-1 risk factors for CAD
< 160 mg/dL
15
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
acts on liver
decreases LDL and triglycerides
increases HDL
SE: myositis, increases LFTs
16
ezetimibe
cholesterol absorption inhibitor acts on intestines
decreases LDL
SE: myalgias, increases LFTs
17
gemfibrozil, fenofibrate
stimulates lipoprotein lipase in blood
decreases LDL and triglycerides
increases HDL
SE: myositis, increases LFTs
18
cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevelam
bile acid sequestrants in GI tract
decreases LDL
increases triglycerides
SE: bad taste, abdominal discomfort
19
niacin
acts on liver
decreases LDL, triglycerides
increases HDL
SE: flushing, nausea, pruritis, insulin resistance, gout, paresthesias, increases LFTs
20
vessels most commonly used for CABG
saphenous vein
internal mammary artery
21
pharmacotherapy for unstable angina
aspirin and clopidogrel (if no PTCA)
GP IIb/IIIa (if PTCA)
oxygen
nitroglycerin
heparin
beta-blockers
22
time limit for thrombolysis in MI
12 hours
use t-Pa or urokinase
23
cardiac enzyme to evaluate immediate re-infarct
CPK-MB
(decreases in 2-3 days)
24
risk reduction medications after MI
low dose ASA
clopidogrel
beta-blockers
ACE inhibitors
K-sparing diuretics
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors
exercise, smoking cessation, and dietary modifications
25
V2, V3, V4 infarction
anterior infarction
LAD artery
26
V1, V2, V3 infarction
septal infarction
LAD artery
27
II, III, aVF infarction
inferior infarction
posterior descending or marginal branch
28
1, aVL, V4, V5, V6
lateral infarction
LAD or circumflex artery
29
V1, V2
posterior infarction
posterior descending artery
30
