Flashcards in Cardiovascular Disorders Deck (150)
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121
widely split S2
mitral regurgitation
122
midsystolic click
mitral regurgitation
123
opening snap after S2
mitral stenosis
124
diastolic rumble
mitral stenosis
125
loud S1
mitral stenosis
126
widened pulse pressure
aortic regurgitation
127
bounding pulses
aortic regurgitation
128
diastolic decrescendo murmur
aortic regurgitation
129
late diastolic rumble
aortic regurgtation
130
crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur
aortic stenosis
131
weak S2
aortic stenosis
132
dual stroke carotid pulse, systolic murmur, S4
hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
133
treatment for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
beta-blockers, CCBs
pacemaker or partial septal excision
134
treatment for mitral regurgitation
arterial vasodilators if symptomatic (nitroprusside)
prophylactic antibiotics for increased infection risk
135
treatment for aortic regurgitation
decrease afterload with ACE-inhibitors, CCBs, or nitrates
136
treatment for aortic stenosis
beta-blockers
diuretics to decrease preload
137
treatment for bacterial endocarditis
4-6 weeks IV antibitoics
beta-lactam plus an aminoglycoside
antibiotic prophylaxis before surgery or dental work
138
heart sounds you may hear with hypertension
loud S2, possible S4
139
causes of thoracic aortic aneurysms
marfan's syndrome, ehlers-danlos, and syphilis
140
most common location of aortic aneurysm
abdominal below the renal arteries
141
anti-hypertensive used in migraine headaches
beta-blockers
142
aortic dissection: stanford A v. stanford B
stanford A: ascending aorta, requires emergency surgery
stanford B: distal to left subclavian, treat medically with nitroprusside, beta-blockers
143
wide fixed split S2, systolic ejection murmur at upper left sternal border
atrial septal defect
144
loud pumonic S2, systolic thrill
ventricular septal defect
145
loud S2, bounding pulses at birth
patent ductus arteriosus
accompanied by a "machinery" murmur
146
risk factors for transposition of the great vessels
diabetic mother
apert's syndrome, down syndrome, cri-du-chat, trisomy 13, trisomy 18
147
cardiac pathologies with "boot-shaped" heart on imaging
hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
tetralogy of fallot
persistent truncus arteriosus
148
treatment for tetralogy of fallot
prostaglandin E to maintain PDA, propranolol, morphine, knee-to-chest positioning during cyanotic episodes
149
treatment of mediastinitis
surgical debridement and prolonged antibiotic therapy
150
