Cell Membrane Transpot

Question 1

Aquaporins

Answer 1

Water channels

Question 2

Interstitial Fluid

Answer 2

allows cell to transport nutrients to each other

Question 3

How do nerve cells get oxygen if there is no blood?

Answer 3

It goes from capillaries to interstitial fluid ; uses diffusion

Question 4

Active Transport

Answer 4

Additional energy is needed

Question 5

Passive Transport

Answer 5

Energy is contained in the concentration gradient ; no additional energy needed

Question 6

Diffusion is influenced by what 3 factors?

Answer 6

Concentration, molecular size, and temperature

Question 7

Concentration in Diffusion

Answer 7

Greater concentration gradient = faster diffusion

Question 8

Molecular Size in Diffusion

Answer 8

Smaller molecules diffuse faster

Question 9

Temperature in Diffusion

Answer 9

High temp means high kinetic energy so things will move faster

Question 10

Dynamic Equilibrium

Answer 10

Molecules still move back and forth but everything is equal

Question 11

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 11

You need proteins or channels to move stuff (passive transport)

Question 12

Tonicity

Answer 12

the ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water

Question 13

Hypertonic

Answer 13

Solute concentration is greater than that inside the cell; cell loses water ; cells shrivel

Question 14

Hypotonic

Answer 14

Solute concentration is less than that inside the cell; cell gains water ; cells lyse

Question 15

Active Transport

Answer 15

needs additonal energy usually in the form of ATP through protein pumps

Question 16

Sodium Potassium

Answer 16

• example of active transport
• ensure cell membrane has a charge because cells need action potential

maintains electropotential on your cells ; sodium is pumped out and potassium is pumped in ; especially common in nerve and muscle cells

Question 17

What charge do cells have?

Answer 17

NEGATIVE

Question 18

Vesicle

Answer 18

like a storage balloon

Question 19

Vesicle Transport

Answer 19

bulk transport ; releases stuff all at once

Question 20

Exocytosis

Answer 20

Transport out of the cell

Question 21

Endocytosis

Answer 21

transport into cell and wrap in cell membrane

Question 22

Phagocytosis

Answer 22

cell eating ; used by macrophages and other white blood cells

Question 23

Pinocytosis

Answer 23

cell drinking ; fluid phase endocytosis ; membrane engulfs fluid and cell absorbs it

Question 24

Receptor Mediated Endocytosis

Answer 24

involves endocytosis and transcytosis of specific molecules

Question 25

Vesicle

Answer 25

thin-walled sac filled with a fluid, usually clear and small.

Question 26

Pseudopods

Answer 26

Membrane projections called pseudopods form and flow around solid particles that are being engulfed, forming a vesicle which is pulled into cell

Question 27

phagosome

Answer 27

formed vesicle

Question 28

amoeboid motion

Answer 28

Phagocytic cells move by amoeboid motion where cytoplasm flows into temporary extensions that allow cell to creep

Question 29

Osmoregulation

Answer 29

the control of solute concentrations and water balance, is a necessary adaptation for life in such environments

Question 30

Glycoproteins

Answer 30

provide blood type and cell to cell recognition