Cells and Tissues of Immune System

Question 1

What are the types of WBC?

Answer 1

-neutrophils
-eosinophils
-basophils
-monocytes
-lymphocytes
- NK cells

Question 2

50-60% of circulating WBC, also found in tissues
First responders to infection
Phagocytosis

Answer 2

Neutrophils

Question 3

Also known as PMN

Answer 3

Neutrophils

Question 4

What is the size of neutrophils?

Answer 4

10-15 micrometers

Question 5

Neutrophils have a large number of ___________ Staining granules in cytoplasm

Answer 5

Neutral

Question 6

How many lobes are Usually seen in the nucleus of neutrophils?

Answer 6

2-5

Question 7

WBC that kills parasites and participate in allergic reactions

Answer 7

Eosinophils 

Question 8

_______% of circulating WBC in non-allergic person and found at site of response against allergen or parasite

Answer 8

1-3

Question 9

What is the size of eosinophils? 

Answer 9

12-14 micrometers

Question 10

What color are eosinophils large granules? What stain causes this color?

Answer 10

Orange/red granules

Eosin dye

Question 11

Eosinophil granules contain __________ proteins that can damage membrane of parasite.

Answer 11

Cationic 

Question 12

What is the shape of eosinophils nucleus? 

Answer 12

Bilobed

Question 13

This WBC Participates in allergic or parasitic responses but makes up less than 1% of WBC in blood

Answer 13

Basophil

Question 14

What is the size of basophils?

Answer 14

10-15 micrometers

Question 15

What color granules do basophils have?
What do the granules contain?

Answer 15

Bluish – purple

histamine, cytokines, etc.

Question 16

What is the typical lifespan of basophils?

Answer 16

Very short, only a few hours

Question 17

This WBC is phagocytic and migrates into tissues to become macrophages

Answer 17

Monocyte

Question 18

What is the Percentage of circulating monocytes?

Answer 18

4-10%

Question 19

What is the size of Monocytes?

Answer 19

12-22 micrometers

Question 20

What is the shape of monocyte nucleus?

Answer 20

Large irregularly folded or horseshoe shaped nucleus

Question 21

How do you monocytes typically stain?

Answer 21

Cytoplasm stains gray-blue, containing small granules (granules contain substances to kill organisms, etc.) 

Question 22

These arise from monocytes that migrate into tissues

Answer 22

Macrophages (Tissue cells)

Question 23

True or false

Macrophages play a role in innate immunity, and initiating and regulating adaptive immune responses

Answer 23

True

Question 24

What are some things that macrophages can do?

Answer 24

• microbial killing
• Antitumor activity
• Intracellular parasite eradication
• Phagocytosis
• Secretion of cell mediators (e.g. Cytokines- hormones of the immune system)

Question 25

- cells found in tissues, particularly skin, connective tissues and mucosal tissues -Resemble basophils but come from a different lineage

Answer 25

Mast cells

Question 26

The granules of this cell type contain histamine Play a role in defense against parasites, as well as allergic reactions

Answer 26

Mast cell

Question 27

-covered with long Membranousextensions that make them resemble nerve cell dendrites 

Answer 27

Dendritic cells 

Question 28

These are considered the most effective APC in the body and the most potent phagocytic cell

Answer 28

Dendritic cells 

Question 29

Lymphocytes represent between ______ and ______ % Of the circulating wbc’s

Answer 29

20, 40

Question 30

-Mononuclear cells -no granules in most

Answer 30

Lymphocytes

Question 31

What are the types of lymphocytes?

Answer 31

• B cells (Antibody production) • T cells (Regulation of immunity, killing of virus infected and cancer cells *Specificity* • natural killer cells (killing a virus infected in cancer cells *innate immunity, no specificity*

Question 32

Antibodies help ___________ Cell populations

Answer 32

Identify (examples: CD3, CD4, CD8)

Question 33

CD8 is found on what type of cells?

Answer 33

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 34

CD3 is found on what type of cells?

Answer 34

T cells, Associated with T cell antigen receptor

Question 35

CD4 is Associated with what type of cells?

Answer 35

T-helper cells (CD3+ and CD4+)

Question 36

Function as potential sites for contact with foreign antigens Provides the microenvironment to generate immune responses 

Answer 36

Secondary lymphoid organs

Question 37

Examples of secondary lymphoid tissue?

Answer 37

Spleen, lymph nodes, MALT, CALT

Question 38

What part of the spleen destroys old RBCs and makes up for more than 1/2 of the total volume

Answer 38

Red pulp

Question 39

Comprises about 20% of the total weight of a spleen Contains lymphoid tissue arranged around arterials in a Periarterial lymphoid sheath containing T cells

Answer 39

White pulp of spleen

Question 40

Area of the spleen that contains B cells not yet stimulated by antigen

Answer 40

Primary follicles

Question 41

-Found on mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urogenital tracks -A main portal of entry for foreign antigens -Numerous macrophages and lymphocytes present

Answer 41

MALT

Question 42

T cells, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells found on the skin

Answer 42

CALT

Question 43

What are the five principal types of leukocytes?

Answer 43

Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes

Question 44

What are the tissue cells involved in immunity?

Answer 44

• mast cells • Dendritic cells • Macrophages

Question 45

What are the cells that are involved in the innate immune response and are actively phagocytic?

Answer 45

Neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells

Question 46

________________ are the key cells involved in the adaptive immune response. 

Answer 46

Lymphocytes

Question 47

_________ cells are a type of lymphocyte that develop in the bone marrow and are capable of secreting antibody when mature

Answer 47

B

Question 48

T cells acquire their specificity in the thymus and consist of what to sub types? 

Answer 48

CD4 and CD8+

Question 49

______ cells kill virally infected or cancerous target cells without previous exposure to them. (Innate immunity) 

Answer 49

NK

Question 50

What are the two primary lymphoid organs?

Answer 50

Bone marrow and thymus