Test 3: Quiz 4 Questions

Question 1

A 5-year-old girl was rushed to the emergency department because she was having trouble breathing. She had been playing at the park when she fell down and her face and neck started to swell up. One of her friends thought that the girl might have been stung by a bee because a bee was flying around them, and shortly before the girl fell to the ground, she had screamed. The girl had a large red bump on her cheek. This girl likely has:

Answer 1

type I hypersensitivity.

Question 2

A 30-year-old clinical laboratory science student complains of being tired but is not able to sleep. The woman also states that she has without reason have increase nervousness/anxiety. She has also lost 20 pounds over the past 2 months without trying. The woman’s pulse and blood pressure are elevated, and her eyes seem to be bulging. Her complete blood count (CBC) is normal. Her thyroid-stimulating hormone is decreased; however, her thyroid hormones are elevated. This woman most likely has:

Answer 2

Graves disease

Question 3

A 35-year-old female experiences difficulty in walking, and her hands and feet are numb from time to time. Suspecting a disease involving the central nervous system, her physician orders magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MRI reveals lesions on the myelin sheath. What is the most likely disease?

Answer 3

Multiple sclerosis

Question 4

A 56-year-old woman presents to her physician complaining of weight gain and joint problems. She is increasingly having difficulty walking up stairs and manipulating her fingers. Fingers in both hands as well as knees on both legs are equally painful and stiff. The symptoms have been getting progressively worse over the past 6 months. Rheumatoid factor is elevated, and antinuclear antibodies are not detected. Complement levels in her joints are decreased. This woman most likely has:

Answer 4

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 5

A pregnant Rh-negative woman is concerned of possible hemolytic disease in her newborn and in future children. The best approach to avoid this problem is

Answer 5

Administer RhoGam to the mother for all pregnancies.

Question 6

Active systemic lupus erythematosus is characterized by:

Answer 6

presence of dsDNA antibodies.

Question 7

All of the hypersensitivity responses have which of the following in common?

Answer 7

Asymptomatic sensitization phase

Question 8

An autoimmune disease characterized by pain and progressive destruction of the joints, weight loss, morning stiffness, and presence of an antibody directed against IgG best describes:

Answer 8

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 9

Anaphylactic reactions are mediated by:

Answer 9

Mast cells

Question 10

An exaggerated reaction directed against an antigen that is harmless is called:

Answer 10

hypersensitivity

Question 11

Antibodies to cyclic citrullinated proteins (anti-CCP) are specific diagnostic indicators for:

Answer 11

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 12

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia targets which cells or tissues?

Answer 12

Red blood cells

Question 13

Central tolerance, in which lymphocytes learn to distinguish between self-antigens and foreign antigens, takes place in the thymus and:

Answer 13

bone marrow

Question 14

Complement is responsible for tissue damage in which of the following reactions? (Choose all correct answers)
a. Anaphylaxis
b. Type II hypersensitivity
c. Delayed-type hypersensitivity
d. Type III hypersensitivity
e. Immediate hypersensitivity

Answer 14

b. Type II hypersensitivity
d. Type III hypersensitivity

Question 15

Hypersensitivities to poison ivy and nickel are:

Answer 15

macrophage and T-cell responses to a hapten.

Question 16

Immune injury resulting from the localization of immune complexes in blood vessels and tissues describes which hypersensitivity reaction?

Answer 16

III

Question 17

In the rheumatoid factor test, what is being detected?

Answer 17

IgM directed against IgG

Question 18

In which of the following autoimmune diseases are antibodies to acetylcholine receptors produced, thereby blocking the signal to muscles?

Answer 18

Myasthenia gravis

Question 19

Reaction to poison ivy is which type of hypersensitivity?

Answer 19

IV

Question 20

The fluorescent antinuclear antibody test for lupus is an example of which of the following?
a. Direct fluorescence testing
b. Indirect fluorescence testing
c. Competitive immunoassay
d. Flow cytometry

Answer 20

b. Indirect fluorescence testing

Question 21

The normal activity of a type I hypersensitivity response is protection primarily against which of the following?
a. Viruses
b. Fungi
c. Bacteria
d. Parasites

Answer 21

Parasites

Question 22

The principal difference between type II and type III hypersensitivity reactions is:

Answer 22

Whether the antigen is cellular or soluble.

Question 23

23.) The purified protein derivative reaction to determine exposure to tuberculosis is based on which of the following?
a. Formation of antigen–antibody complexes
b. A sensitized T-cell response
c. An immediate hypersensitivity reaction
d. A type II hypersensitivity reaction

Answer 23

b. A sensitized T-cell response

Question 24

Type I hypersensitivity involves:

Answer 24

IgE binding to mast cells and basophils.

Question 25

What is the target of the autoimmune response that leads to multiple sclerosis?

Answer 25

Myelin

Question 26

Which isotype of immunoglobulin is involved in a type I hypersensitivity?

Answer 26

IgE

Question 27

Which of the following is an immune privileged site?

Answer 27

Testes

Question 28

28.) Which of the following is considered a systemic autoimmune disease?
a. Systemic lupus erythematosus
b. Myasthenia gravis
c. Multiple sclerosis
d. Graves disease

Answer 28

a. Systemic lupus erythematosus

Question 29

29.) Which of the following occurs in hemolytic disease of the newborn?
a. gE builds up on the mother’s cells.
b. The baby must be Rh–.
c. The Rh– mother is exposed to Rh+ baby cells.
d. The Rh+ mother is exposed to Rh– baby cells.

Answer 29

c. The Rh– mother is exposed to Rh+ baby cells.

Question 30

30.) Which mechanism is involved in peripheral tolerance to self-antigens?
a. Negative selection
b. No answer text provided.
c. Positive selection
d. Lack of co-stimulatory signals from antigen-presenting cells

Answer 30

d. Lack of co-stimulatory signals from antigen-presenting cells

Question 31

An IgM specific for IgG is referred to as:

Answer 31

Rheumatoid factor

Question 32

A 54-year-old women presents to her optometrist complaining that she has been having
difficulty focusing on objects near and far. Her vison problems are getting progressively worse.
She also thinks that her eyelids are drooping, and she is thinking of getting plastic surgery to
“put them back up”. The optometrist cannot find a good reason for her vision problems but is
able to fit her with glasses and recommends that she sees a rheumatologist, as this would be
consistent with myasthenia gravis. What autoantibody would you recommend be tested for in
this patient?

Answer 32

Antibody to the acetylcholine receptor