Central Nervous Depressants Flashcards Preview

General Pharmacology > Central Nervous Depressants > Flashcards

Flashcards in Central Nervous Depressants Deck (16)
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1
Q

What benzodiazepine is this?

  • long acting
  • good for anxiety
  • suppresses seizures with status epilepticus and cerebral palsy
  • has active metabolites
A

diazepam (valium)

2
Q

What is a short acting benzo good for:

sleep disorders WITHOUT anxiety

has rapid onset/elimination

A

triazolam

3
Q

What are:

short acting hypnotics
have no active metabolites
little anti-anxiety, muscle relaxant or anti-convulsant effect

A

NBRAs

non-benzodiazepine benzodiazepine receptor agonists

4
Q

What drug is:

relatively selective for type 1 benzodiazepine receptor
rapidly absorbed and eliminated
useful for acute sleep disorder
no hangover
preserves stage 3 sleep
effects on REM sleep rare/inconsistent?

A

zolipidem (Ambien)

5
Q

What drug is:

for chronic insonia
rapid onset, but longer half-life
binds to all 3 benzo receptor types
no diminished efficacy over 6 month trial?

A

eszopiclone

(Lunesta)

6
Q

Treatment for benzo or NBRA overdose

A

fumazenil

7
Q

What drug:

increases GABA binding
decreases glutamate conductance via NMDA receptors
increases serotonin conductance via 5HT3 receptors

A

ethanol

8
Q

What drug:

decreases reticular system and cerebral cortex
~40-150mg %
results thiamine deficiency
causes Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

A

ethanol

9
Q

What drug substitutes ETOH or accidental poisoning?

A

methanol

10
Q

What drug:

turns to formaldehyde → formic acid
highly toxic → blindness, “snow-storm”, coma, death

A

methanol

11
Q

How do you treat methanol poisoning? (2)

A

ethanol

fomepizole

12
Q

What drug:

inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase
inhibits acetate formation
(-) reinforcement of ETOH use

A

disulfiram

Antabuse

13
Q

What drug:

decreases glutamate neurotransmission
decreases relapse in detox pts?

A

acamprosate

14
Q

What drug:

GABAB agonist
decreases ETOH withdrawal symptoms
promotes abstinence
decreases anxiety and craving

A

baclofen

15
Q

What drug:

decreases rewarding effects of ETOH
blocks opioid receptors

A

naltrexone

16
Q

What drug:

inhibits ETOH dehydrogenase
used for methanol withdrawal

A

fomepizole