cerebral cortex Flashcards
(22 cards)
what are the functions of the frontal lobe ?
contains the motor cortex
frontal eye fields
motor cortex
brocas speech area
prefrontal cortex
where specifically is the motor cortex ?
in front of the precentral gyrus
what is the blood supply associated with the frontal lobe ?
the medial frontal lobe - supplied by the ACA
the lateral frontal lobe - supplied by the MCA
what effect does injury to the ACA vs MCA have?
affection of the ACA - upper limb and face affection
the MCA - lower limb affection
what brodmann area is the frontal eye field and what does a lesion in this area present with?
brodmann area 8 , help the eyes go back and forth
lesion of this present with deviation of the eye to the side of the lesion
where is brocas speech area located ?
located in the frontal lobe , in the left hemisphere , is responsible for speech production and not comprehension
what is destruction of brocas speech area associated with ?
destructive aphasia
short sentences , stutters then stops
broken speech
what is wernicke’s aphasia ?
located in the temporal lobe , patients dont have insight , a word salad that makes non sense - no stutters
what is global aphasia ?
both defective in brocas area and wernickes area
these patients are usually mute
what does lesion to the prefrontal cortex result in ?
frontal lobe syndrome
reemergence of the primitive reflexes
disinhibition
deficients in concentration
poor judgement
personality changes
where is the parietal lobe and is the main job ?
behind the central sulcus
contains the sensory cortex
what does a lesion in the parietal lob result in ?
right parietal/ non dominant - spatial neglect of the left side
dominant - left side parietal - grestmann syndrome
what are the features of grestmann syndrome ?
associated with lesion in the dominant side of the parietal lobe - associated with agraphia, acalcula , finger agnosia, left-right disorientation
what does baum loop lesion result in ?
present in the parietal lobe where there will be quadrantic anopia - pie in the sky
what is the main function of the temporal lobe and what is a lesion there associated with ?
auditory cortex
wernicks speech area
olfactory bulb
meyers loop
hippocampus
amygdala
cortical deafness and wernickes aphasia
what does lesion at the olfactory bulb result in ?
destruction causes ipsilateral anosmia
what does a lesion in the amygdala result in ?
kluver-bucy syndrome , must be a bilateral lesion
associated with hyperphagia
hypersexuality
visual agnosia
what is kluver bucy syndrome usually associated with ?
HSV 1 encephalitis
what is the blood supply of the occipital lobe ?
PCA
what is the defect associated with affection of the PCA ?
homonymous hemaniopia
right lesion has left
left lesion has right sided affection
what does a lesion of the hippocampus result in ?
anterograde amnesia , no new memory formation
what is macular sparing ?
dual supply of the MCA and PCA , so the macula is spared a dot in the middle of the eye field
