CH-1-4

Question 1

What is life?

Answer 1

How we fit into the big picture

Question 2

What are the nine charatertics of life?

Answer 2

Order, Metabolism, movement or motility, responsivness, cold, reproduction, growth and development, inhertiance of traits, adaptation, and evoloution.

Question 3

Only maintained by using energy. Maintained by an arrangment of structure units and activties.

Answer 3

Order

Question 4

Total of chemical processes or reactions in living organisms. Sum off all life’s processes

Answer 4

Metabolism

Question 5

Move themselves, to move parts of their body

Answer 5

Movement or motility

Question 6

Example of Movement or motility in animals

Answer 6

birds fly, plants open the flowers

Question 7

The ability of organisms to precede and react to their enviroments

Answer 7

Responsivness

Question 8

Example of responsivness in animals

Answer 8

Humans percieve weather put on coat, Birds fly low when you perchieve storms, and animals get winter coat/lose winter coat.

Question 9

Process that gives rise to offspring, allows life to continue

Answer 9

Reproduction

Question 10

Two types of reproduction

Answer 10

Sexual, asexual

Question 11

Describe asexual reproduction

Answer 11

one parent, identical gene information, bacteria, plants

Question 12

Describe sexual reproduction

Answer 12

two parents, half of genes

Question 13

Why is a sleep clone not really cloning?

Answer 13

the cell has been changes, it can be reverted back to the orginial cell.

Question 14

Ordered sequence of progressive changes that result in increased size and complexity

Answer 14

Growth and Development

Question 15

Heriety, Inherit genes from parents

Answer 15

Inheritance of traits

Question 16

Overtime, something happens (physical traits, changes in body) They can surive.

Answer 16

Adaptation

Question 17

Aquires new ways to surive Passed on through the generations, they can aquire traits over time and it becomes the norm.

Answer 17

Evoloution

Question 18

What is natural selection?

Answer 18

Over the course of evolution nature selects the stronger species to reproduce and surive.

Question 19

What is maninduced artificial selection?

Answer 19

We intefere with nature. Examples: shaving wool on sheep, breeding dogs.

Question 20

What is how to organize organisms

Answer 20

Classification system

Question 21

What are the 5 kingdoms

Answer 21

Monera, Protists, Fungi, Plants and Animals

Question 22

What is divided to make the 6th kingdom?

Answer 22

Monera

Question 23

What are the two divisons of monera, to the make the 6 kingdoms

Answer 23

Archae bacteria, Eubacteria

Question 24

Name of the steps of the scientific method?

Answer 24

1. Make an obersavation, 2. Ask a question. 3. Make an educated guess or hyopthesis. 4. Design an experiment with a control. 5. Gather your data (what is it telling you)

Question 25

What do you do if your hypothesis is wrong

Answer 25

Redesgin the experiment

Question 26

What do you do if your hypothesis is right?

Answer 26

Share your information

Question 27

What occupies space, and is everywhere

Answer 27

Matter

Question 28

Study of structure and behavior of atoms and molecules

Answer 28

Chemistry

Question 29

Can not be broken down further

Answer 29

Element

Question 30

6 elements that make up living organisms (SPONCH)

Answer 30

Sulfur,phosphorous, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen.

Question 31

Name three types of bonds

Answer 31

Covalent, ionic, and hydrogen

Question 32

2 or more atoms bonded together (held by chemical bonds) Resulted by electrons

Answer 32

Molecule

Question 33

Causes chemical reactions to happen

Answer 33

Electrons

Question 34

Strongest, share electrons energy of two atoms.

Answer 34

Covalent Bond

Question 35

What results from a covalent bond?

Answer 35

Water molecule

Question 36

Weakest bond, most important in nature

Answer 36

Hydrogen Bond

Question 37

What results from a hydrogen bond

Answer 37

Water

Question 38

Cystalized structure, two atoms oppositely charged

Answer 38

Ionic bond

Question 39

What results from an ionic bond?

Answer 39

Table salt

Question 40

What is important to life?

Answer 40

Water

Question 41

What are 4 reasons why water is important?

Answer 41

1. Water makes up a bulk organisms 2. Water acts as nature's cooling system 3. Universal Solvent 4. Because of water and photosynthesis we have oxygen in our air.

Question 42

Why is water the universal solvent

Answer 42

any substance can dissolve into it

Question 43

What is solute?

Answer 43

substance dissolved (sugar, salt)

Question 44

Three electronic properties of water

Answer 44

1. Cohesion. 2. Adhesion, 3. Capiliarity

Question 45

Physical Property of water

Answer 45

Surface tenison

Question 46

Tendecy of like molecules to cling together

Answer 46

Cohesion

Question 47

What does photsynthesis do?

Answer 47

breaks down water molecules releases oxygen into atomosphere.

Question 48

Tendency of unlike molecules to cling together

Answer 48

Adhesion

Question 49

Cohesion+ Adhesion tendency of a liquid substance to move upwards agaisnt the pull of gravity.

Answer 49

Capililarity ex: going up a tree Starws

Question 50

Items can float on top of water, tendency of molecules at the surface of water to cohere to each other and not the air. (why water stays on the ground)

Answer 50

Surface tenison

Question 51

Definition of hydrophyllic

Answer 51

Dissolves in water, loves water

Question 52

Definition of hydrophobic

Answer 52

Not dissolve in water, floats EX: oil.

Question 53

What is P.H made up of?

Answer 53

Blood and water

Question 54

Lower number P.H...

Answer 54

More Acidic

Question 55

Higher P.H...

Answer 55

More base

Question 56

How do you adjust the PH

Answer 56

Buffer

Question 57

Most important element in organic chemistry

Answer 57

Carbon

Question 58

4 Classes of Biological Molecules (Big Mac)

Answer 58

1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids, fats, waxes etc. 3. Protein 4. Nuclecic Acids (DNA, RNA)

Question 59

What does RNA do?

Answer 59

body needs for prteins

Question 60

What does DNA?

Answer 60

Blueprints of life and directions for the cell.

Question 61

What defines the cell, molecules?

Answer 61

Functional groups

Question 62

Hydrated carbons, most abundant carbon compounds.

Answer 62

Carbohydrates

Question 63

3 types of carbohydrates

Answer 63

1. Monosacchrides. 2. Disaccharides. 3. Polysaccharides

Question 64

2 types of polysaccharides

Answer 64

1. Structural. 2. Energy

Question 65

Simple sugars | Ex: Glucose, frutose, and ribose

Answer 65

Monosaccharides

Question 66

What is the universal celluar energy

Answer 66

glucose

Question 67

Fruit sugars

Answer 67

frutose

Question 68

sugar in nuclecic acids

Answer 68

Ribose

Question 69

Two types of simple sugars | Glucose + frutose= sucrose, maltose (grains) and latose.

Answer 69

Disaccharides

Question 70

All energy molecules are broken down to...

Answer 70

attain energy

Question 71

100's, thosands of simple sugars banded together

Answer 71

Polysaccharides

Question 72

Examples Structural polysaccharides

Answer 72

chitin- exoskeltons of insects | Cellouse-plants- plant fiber

Question 73

Example of energy polysaccharides

Answer 73

Starch-plant roots | Glycogen- excess glucose stored in muscles

Question 74

What fat is solid at room temp?

Answer 74

Saturated Fat

Question 75

What fat is liquid at room temperature?

Answer 75

Unsatured fat

Question 76

Name waters three physical property

Answer 76

water vapor- gas water- liquid ice- solid

Question 77

Why is unsaturated fat liquid and saturated solid?

Answer 77

Saturated fat is surrounded by hydrogen, unsaturated fat.

Question 78

What are the building blocks of higher organisms and the smallest units of life?

Answer 78

Cells

Question 79

What are examples of single celled oragnisms

Answer 79

Bacteria

Question 80

What does a cell's specilization depend on?

Answer 80

depends on shape, size and organelles it contains

Question 81

What are inside cell and performs specific duties?

Answer 81

organelles

Question 82

Who was the first person to look at cells

Answer 82

Robert Hooke

Question 83

How many componets do all cells share?

Answer 83

3

Question 84

What componets do all cells shares

Answer 84

1. Plasma membrane 2. Central Nuclear Region 3. All cells have cytoplasm

Question 85

True or False all cells have nucleous

Answer 85

False

Question 86

Fluid that organelles sit in.

Answer 86

Cytoplasm

Question 87

What is cells critical demenision

Answer 87

Surface- area- to volume ratio

Question 88

Why is surface-area-to volume ratio important?

Answer 88

Cells have to form duties, evolved microbila increased cell without reducing effecency.

Question 89

State the modern cell theroy

Answer 89

1. All living things are made up of 1 more cells 2. Cells are the basic units of life within organisms and where chemical reactions take place. 3. All cells arrise from pre exisisting cells

Question 90

What are the two basic cell types

Answer 90

1. Prokaryotic | 2. Eukaryotic

Question 91

What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Answer 91

Pro- no membrane bound nucleus or organelles. Ex: Bacteria | EU- Do have membranes bound nucleus or organelles. EX- Protis, Fungi, Plants and animals.

Question 92

What is the function of the plasma membrane

Answer 92

Controls what enters and exits from the cell

Question 93

True or False in the plasma membrane is semipermeable.

Answer 93

True

Question 94

When the plasma membrane shifts around where the fluid is at

Answer 94

Fluid mosacic

Question 95

What is indocytosis

Answer 95

when the plasma forms around what it needs

Question 96

What is exocytosis

Answer 96

gets what rid of what it does not need.

Question 97

What produces cell division

Answer 97

Centrills

Question 98

What is the control center of cell. Houses all gentic information

Answer 98

Nucleous

Question 99

Where is the DNA located

Answer 99

Nuclear membrane

Question 100

What is the power house of the cell, provides cellur energy and ATP

Answer 100

Mitochondra

Question 101

Involved in protein synthesis

Answer 101

Ribosomes

Question 102

Two types of ER

Answer 102

Rough, Smooth

Question 103

Why is rough er considered rough?

Answer 103

Ribsomes around it

Question 104

Why are there two sides in the plasma membrane?

Answer 104

Heads are hydrophylic, tails are hydrophobic need head so it does not dissolve in water

Question 105

What allows molecules in and out of the cell.

Answer 105

protein channels

Question 106

What is the function of smooth ER

Answer 106

Detox, get rid of the substances, production center.

Question 107

What part of the cell packages things

Answer 107

Golgi Apparatus

Question 108

What holds liquid substances

Answer 108

Vaculoles

Question 109

Digestive eneyzmes, reuse cell parts gets rid of damaged parts of the cell.

Answer 109

Lysosome

Question 110

True or False cells communicate with each other

Answer 110

True

Question 111

In plant cells that commuincate with each other

Answer 111

Plasmodesmada

Question 112

Plasma membrane forms structures for movement

Answer 112

Flagella

Question 113

All move in unison in one direction

Answer 113

Cilia

Question 114

What do you plant cells have animals don't have

Answer 114

1. Have cell walls made of cellose 2. Plant cells have large central vacole 3. Chloroplasts

Question 115

What makes a plant sit up right?

Answer 115

Central vacole fills up, leans up agaisnt plasma, hits cell wall.

Question 116

Responsible for photosynthesis

Answer 116

Chlorophists