Ch 10 Flashcards
(73 cards)
0
Q
One function of the kidneys is maintenance of ________ volume by varying the excretion of water in the urine
A
Blood
1
Q
Excretion
A
The process of elimination of wastes
2
Q
Kidneys maintain __________ composition of blood by selecting certain ___________ to excrete
A
Chemical
3
Q
Kidneys maintain blood_____
A
PH
4
Q
Kidneys excrete waste products of
A
Protein metabolism
5
Q
Kidneys regulate blood
A
Pressure
6
Q
Kidneys secrete erythropoietin to stimulate the production of
A
Erythrocytes
7
Q
Albumin/o
A
Albumin
8
Q
-ation
A
Process
9
Q
-esis
A
Action, process, or result of
10
Q
Glycos/o
A
Sugar
11
Q
Olig/o
A
Few
12
Q
Ur/o
A
Urine or urinary tract
13
Q
Urin/o
A
Urine
14
Q
-uria
A
Urine
15
Q
Tubes leading from kidneys to the bladder
A
Ureters
16
Q
The tube that urine leaves the body through
A
Urethra
17
Q
Cyst/o
A
Bladder
18
Q
Glomerul/o
A
Glomerulus ( filter for the kidney )
19
Q
Nephr/o, ren/o
A
Kidney
20
Q
Pyel/o
A
Renal pelvis (reservoir in the kidney that collects the urine)
21
Q
Ureter/o
A
Ureter
22
Q
Urethr/o
A
Urethra
23
Q
Renal pelvis
A
Funnel- shaped structure structure in the middle of each kidney
24
Nephrons
Microscopic Functional units that consist of a long stem and tubular sections called tubules
25
Glomerulus
A cluster of blood vessels surrounded by a structure called Bowman's capsule
26
Filtering of the blood can be called
Glomerular filtration
27
Selective reabsorption of some substances can be called
Tubular reabsorption
28
Secretion of substances into the urine can be called
Tubular secretion
29
The process of filtering blood goes through what structures
Glomerulus(filtration), Bowman's capsule, renal tubule, renal pelvis
30
Glomerulus does not permit
Proteins and blood cells
31
The glomerulus lets what substances through its walls
Water, salts, wastes
32
Function of Bowman's capsule
Collects the substances that filer through the glomerular walls. Passes them to the tubules
33
Tubules
Long twisted tubes that reabsorb water and sugars. Excess nutrients and water are passed down through the ureters and become urine
34
Antidiuretic hormone(ADH)
Increases the reabsorption of water by the renal tubules, decreasing the amount of urine produced
35
Testing urine
Urinalysis
36
The presence of sugar, protein, or blood in urine
Glycosuria, proteinuria, or hematuria
37
Pyuria
Pus in the urine
38
Ketone bodies
End products of lipid (fat) metabolism
39
Kentonuria
Ketone bodies in the urine
40
Diabetes mellitus
An endocrine disorder characterized by glycosuria and hyperglycemia
41
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
Excessive growth of bacteria in the urinary tract
42
Voided specimen
Urine sample
43
Blood urea nitrogen
A measure of the amount of urea in the blood
44
Stenosis
Constriction or narrowing
45
Nephrotomography
Sectional radiographic examination of the kidneys
46
Cystocele
Bladder hernia that protrudes into the vagina
47
Nephrosis
Degenerative changes in the kidneys but no inflammation
48
Nephrotoxic
Destructive to kidney tissue
49
Polycystic kidney disease
Hereditary disorder characterized by hundreds of fluid-filled cysts throughout both kidneys
50
Polyp
Tumor found on a mucosal surface, such as the inner lining of the bladder
51
Renal failure
Failure of the kidney to perform its essential functions. Acute renal failure is a critical situation
52
Renal insufficiency
Reduced ability of the kidney to preform its functions
53
Retrograde urogrqphy
X-ray examination of the renal pelvis and ureter after injection of a contrast medium into the renal pelvis
54
Urinary incontinence
Inability to hold urine in the bladder
55
Urinary retention
Inability to empty the bladder
56
Voiding cystourethrogram
Radiographic record of the bladder and urethra after the bladder has been filled with a contrast medium. The x- ray is taken while the patient is urinating
57
Voiding can be called
Urination
58
Radiographic study to access the arterial blood supply to the kidneys
Renal arteriography
59
Excision of a urinary bladder
Cystectomy
60
What combining form Pertains to the filtering structure of the kidney
Glomerul/o
61
What word part refers to the reservoir in the kidney that collects urine
Pyel/o
62
What is the cluster of blood vessel surrounded by a Bowman's capsule
Glomerulus
63
A procedure where small pieces of tissue from a nearby structure are removed through the wall of the urethra
Transurethral resection
64
The final product of protein metabolism and the chief nitrogenous waste present in urine
Urea
65
Each of these is composed of a glomerulus and tubules
Nephron
66
What two processes of urine function happen in the tubules
Reabsorption and secretion
67
The descriptor for lithotripsy which uses sound waves to break up kidney stones
Extracorporeal
68
urinary output of less than 100 ml per day
Anuria
69
Substance on the blood that indicates a rough estimate of kidney function
Blood urea nitrogen
70
A diminished capacity to pass urine (>500mL) daily
Oliguria
71
Hereditary disorder characterized by hundreds of fluid filled cysts throughout both kidneys
Polycystic kidney disease
72
Toxic condition of the body that is associated with failure of the kidneys to function properly
Uremia
