Ch 13 Flashcards
(125 cards)
0
Q
Synonym of sensory
A
Afferent
1
Q
The study of the mind
A
Psychology
2
Q
Two categories of the nervous system
A
Central nervous system(CNS) and peripheral nervous system(PNS)
3
Q
Synonym for motor
A
Efferent
4
Q
Two main structures if the central nervous system
A
Brain and spinal cord
5
Q
Two main structures of the peripheral nervous system
A
Sensory(afferent) and motor(efferent)
6
Q
What is the brain’s function in the CNS
A
Receives and integrates data. Regulates body activities
7
Q
What is the spinal cord’s function in the CNS
A
Carries information to and from the brain. Provides reflexes
8
Q
The kidneys and adrenal glands are part of which nervous system
A
Peripheral nervous system
9
Q
Sensory(afferent) parts of the peripheral nervous system do what
A
Convey information from receptors to CNS
10
Q
Motor(efferent) parts of the peripheral nervous system do what
A
Conveys information from the CNS to muscles and glands
11
Q
Part of the nervous system that ate controlled consciously
A
Somatic nervous system
12
Q
Part of the nervous system that controls involuntary body functions
A
Autonomic nervous system
13
Q
The nervous system is made of what two types of cells
A
Neurons and glial(neuroglial) cells
14
Q
Function of neurons
A
Conduct impulses either to or from the nervous system
15
Q
Dendrites
A
Transmit impulses to the cell body
16
Q
Axon
A
Carries impulses away from the cell body
17
Q
Myelin sheath
A
A white fatty covering of the axon
18
Q
Neurilemma
A
Outermost layer of the axon, outside of the myelin sheath
19
Q
Synonym for glia
A
Neuroglia
20
Q
Neuroglia
A
The supporting tissue cells of the nervous system
21
Q
Aut/o
A
Self
22
Q
Cerebell/o
A
Cerebellum
23
Q
Encephal/o
A
Brain
24
Cerebr/o
Brain
25
Cervic/o
Neck
26
Coccyg/o
Coccyx (tailbone)
27
Crani/o
Cranium
28
Dendr/o
Tree
29
Dur/o
Dura matter
30
Gli/o
Neuroglia
31
Kerat/o
Cornea; hard or horny
32
Lumb/o
Lower back
33
Mening/o
Meninges
34
Ment/o
Mind
35
Myel/o
Bone marrow or spinal cord
36
Nerv/o, neur/o
Nerve
37
Phren/o
Mind or diaphragm
38
Physi/o
Nature
39
Retin/o
Retina
40
Sacr/o
Sacrum
41
Spin/o
Spine
42
Thorac/o
Thorax (chest)
43
Vascul/o
Vessel
44
Agora-
Open marketplace
45
-asthenia
Weakness
46
-esthenia
Sensation
47
-lexia
Words, phrases
48
-orexia
Appetite
49
What part of the brain accounts for 7/8 of it total weight
Cerebrum
50
What is located below the thalamus
Hypothalamus
51
Additional protection for the brain comes from the ________________
Fluid and three membranes collectively called the___________
Cerebrospinal ; meninges
52
Three parts of the brain stem
Midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata
53
The brain stem connects the spinal cord to the
Cerebrum
54
The diencephalon is made up of what two parts
Thalamus and hypothalamus
55
Five types of nerves top to bottom
Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
56
Receptors
Nerve endkng that allow us to see, hear, taste, smell, and feel
57
Chemoreceptors
Receptors that detect chemicals
58
Thermoreceptors
Receptors that detect heat
59
Photoreceptors
Receptors in the eyes that detect light
60
Lacrimal
Pertaining to tears
61
Nasolacrimal ducts
Carry tears to the nasal cavity and explains why a runny nose can accompany crying
62
Cornea
The convex, transparent structure at the front of the eyeball.
63
Retina
Located in the posterior part of the eye, the part that contains photoreceptors (rods and cones).
64
Another name for balance
Equilibrium
65
Function of the outer ear
Collects sound waves and directs them into the ear
66
Cochlea
The part of the inner ear that contains receptors that enable us to hear.
67
Semicircular canals in the ear help with what
Sense of balance
68
Epidural hematoma
Blood accumulates in the epidural portion of the brain
69
Three levels of the brain
Subdural, epidural, intracerebral
70
Dura mater
The outmost and toughest of the three meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord
71
Subdural hematoma
Accumulation of blood beneath the dura mater
72
Intracerebral hematoma
Bleeding within the brain
73
Transient ischemic attack
A breif interruption of cerebral blood flow that causes dizziness, numbness, and weakness
74
Hydrocephalus
Accumulation of fluid in the skull
75
Cerebral aneurism
Localized dilation of the wall of a cerebral artery
76
Akinesia
Complete or partial loss of muscle movement
77
Anesthesia
Loss of sensation with or without loss consciousness.
78
Aphagia
Inability or refusal to swallow
79
Aphasia
An abnormal neurological condition that is an impairment of the ability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs.
80
Astigmatism
Uneven curvature of the cornea or lens of the eye that prevents the sharp focus of an image on the retina
81
Bradykinesia
Abnormal slowness of movement and sluggishness of mental and physical processes
82
Cephalalgia
Headache
83
Cerebral concussion
Loss of consciousness, either temporary or prolonged, as a result of a blow to the head
84
Cerebral contusion
Bruising of the brain
85
Cerebral hemorrhage
As a result the rupture of a sclerosed, diseased, or injured blood vessel in the brain
86
Cerebral palsy
Brain disorder characterized by paralysis and lack of muscle coordination. Results from brain defects or trauma at birth
87
Coma
State of unconsciousness from which the patient cannot be aroused, even by powerful stimulation
88
Diplegia
Paralysis affecting like-parts on both sides of the body
89
Diplopia
Double vision
90
Dysphagia
Difficulty swallowing
91
Dysphasia
Speech impairment caused by a lesion in the brain
92
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain
93
Encephalmalacia
Softening of the brain
94
Encephalomeningitis
Inflammation of the brain and meninges
95
Epilepsy
Neurologic disorders of seizures, sensory disturbances, or loss of consciousness
96
Glaucoma
Abnormal condition of increased pressure within the eye
97
Hemiplegia
Paralysis of one side of the body
98
Hyperkinesia
Abnormally increased activity of motor function
99
Hyperopia
Farsighted, an error of refraction in which the rays of light entering the eye are brought to a focus behind the retina
100
Meniere disease
Chronic disease of the inner ear characterized by recurrent episodes of dizziness
101
Meningitis
Inflammation of the meninges
102
Meningocele
Herniation of the meninges through a defect in the skull or vertebral column
103
Multiple sclerosis
Chronic CNS disease with progressive destruction of the myelin sheaths of the neurons
104
Myasthenia gravis
Disease characterized by muscle weakness and abnormal fatigue
105
Myelitis
Inflammation of bone marrow or the spinal cord
106
Myopia
Nearsighted, a defect where rays of light are brought to focus in front of the retina
107
Narcolepsy
Chronic disorder involving random attacks of sleep
108
Neuralgia
Pain along the course of a nerve
109
Parkinson disease
Chronic nervous disease characterized by a fine, slowly spreading tremor and muscle weakness
110
Quadriplegia
Paralysis of all four extremities
111
Retinal detachment
Separation of the retina from the back of the eye
112
Shingles
Acute, infectious eruption of vesicles, usually on the trunk of the body along a peripheral nerve
113
Tinnitus
Subjective ringing of one or both ears
114
Akinesia
Loss of muscle movement
115
Psychosis
Any major mental disorder characterized by a gross impairment in reality testing.
116
Schizophrnia
Gross distortion if reality, fragmented thoughts, withdrawal of social interaction
117
Agoraphobia
Fear of open spaces
118
Anorexia nervosa
Condition characterized by anxiety and fear of becoming obese
119
Neurasthenia
A nervous condition characterized by chronic weakness, fatigue, and exhaustion
120
Autism
Impaired development of social interaction and communication
121
Alzheimer disease
Progressive mental deterioration that can include confusion, memory failure, restlessness, and inability to Carey out Purposeful movement
122
Analgestics
Agents that relieve pain without causing loss of consiousness
123
Hypnotics
Drugs used as sedatives to produce a calming effect
124
Anticonvulsives
Relieve or prevent convulsions
