CH 13 - Exam 2

Question 1

Describe mixed method research

Answer 1

a singular published study that combines quantitative and qualitative research

Question 2

Mixed research is used because of ___. The idea is that the topic requires ___ types of research to effectively study it.

Answer 2

• pragmatism

- both

Question 3

What are the 3 general reasons for a mixed study? (no description)

Answer 3

• complementarity
• practicality
• enhanced validity

Question 4

If the reason for a mixed study is complimentary it is believed that each approach ___ the other, and using both types of research mitigates the ___ form a single study type.

Answer 4

• compliments

- limitations

Question 5

If the reason for a mixed study is practicality it is believed that for ___ issues it is practical to use multiple tool to ___ address the phenomena of interest

Answer 5

• complex

- best

Question 6

If the reason for a mixed study is enhanced validity it is understood that ___ data sources that ___ the hypothesis make that hypothesis stronger

Answer 6

• data

- support

Question 7

T/F : mixed methods can be used when there are 2 research questions

Answer 7

ture

Question 8

Examples of when there are 2 research questions and mixed research is needed. (6)

Answer 8

• new concept and qualitative exploration is needed
• single approach is not sufficient to explore the concept
• findings can be enhanced with concurrent data from a second study
• qualitative results can help explain the qualitative results
• both types of data are needed to support the perspective
• multiple project phases are needed to address the issue

Question 9

What are the 5 designs for mixed method studies?

Answer 9

• concurrent
• sequential
• convergent
• explanatory
• exploratory

Question 10

___ designs have both quantitative and qualitative studies occurring at the same time

Answer 10

• concurrent

Question 11

___ designs clearly have one study type finished before the second happens, or they occur in phases

Answer 11

• sequential

Question 12

Convergent designs obtain different ____ data about a phenomenon, with the goal to converge on the ___

Answer 12

• complementary

- truth

Question 13

___ designs are concurrent and have equal weight applied to both types of study (QUAN + QUAL)

Answer 13

convergent

Question 14

___ designs are sequential designs where quantitative data is collected first, and the qualitative results explain the results of the quantitative (quan –> QUAL or QUAN –> QUAL)

Answer 14

explanatory

Question 15

___ designs are sequential where qualitative is collected first, the quantitative results are used to explore the results of the qualitative (qual –> QUAN or QUAL –> QUAN)

Answer 15

exploratory

Question 16

The sample for mixed methods can begin with the ___ (Lg/Sm) sample that will be used for the quantitative. The sample for the qualitative can be ___, which is a ___ ___ from the sample used in the quantitative sample

Answer 16

• large
• nested
• small subset

Question 17

clinical trials test ___ ___

Answer 17

clinical interventions

Question 18

___ ___ are commonly used for approving medications for use

Answer 18

clinical trials

Question 19

How many phases are in a clinical trial?

Answer 19

4

Question 20

Phase __ : establish safety, tolerance, and dose with sample design

Answer 20

1

Question 21

what is the focus of phase 1 of a clinical trial

Answer 21

developing the best treatment

Question 22

Phase __ : pilot test or treatment effectiveness

Answer 22

2

Question 23

In phase 2 researchers are trying to determine if the intervention is ___ and ___. It is designed as a ___ ___ experiment

Answer 23

• feasible
• acceptable
• small scale

Question 24

Phase __ : randomized controlled trial

Answer 24

3

Question 25

In phase 3 the intervention is tested against ___ ___ to determine if it improves

Answer 25

usual care

Question 26

What is the most often discussed version of a clinical trial

Answer 26

randomized control trial

Question 27

Phase __ : studies of the effectiveness in the general population without the control or artificial conditions provided by the RTC

Answer 27

4

Question 28

___ research focuses on developing useful information about programs or policy

Answer 28

evaluation

Question 29

A ___ ___ seeks to understand what is the treatment, how is it different form traditional practices, what are the barriers to implementation, how do staff feel about it, and in general how it functions

Answer 29

process analysis

Question 30

A process analysis is used mostly with __ data

Answer 30

qualitative

Question 31

An ___ or ___ analysis seeks to determine if an intervention is financially feasible

Answer 31

economic | cost

Question 32

An economic or cost analysis does not seek to increase the body of ___ ___, but rather affirm or approve a ___ ___ ___ ___, making it considered ___ based

Answer 32

- research knowledge - potential quality improvement initiative - non-research

Question 33

Nursing intervention research essentially has the same phases as a ___ ___

Answer 33

clinical trial

Question 34

What is the different b/t nursing intervention research and clinical trials (think about the interventions)

Answer 34

- nursing intervention research uses complex interventions, an intervention theory is clearly states, identifies and includes key stake holders - clinical trials : single intervention

Question 35

T/F : clinical trials are more extensive than nursing intervention research, but are not as prevalent in literature

Answer 35

false

Question 36

___ ___ research examines how organizational structures and process, health technologies, social factors, and personal behaviors affect access to health care, the cost and quality of health care and people's health and well being

Answer 36

health services

Question 37

Health service research looks at what 4 things affect access to health care, as well as what other 2 things

Answer 37

- 1. organizational structure and process - 2. health technologies - 3. social factors - 4. personal behaviors - the cost and quality of health care - people health and well being

Question 38

___ research focuses on examining the effect of healthcare on the outcome of patients

Answer 38

outcome

Question 39

What can be used to identify the quality of nursing care for an individual unit in a hospital versus the quality of the hospital as a whole

Answer 39

- nursing sensitive indicators | - nursing quality indicators

Question 40

___ research obtains quantitative information about variables in a population, one that is usually from a nonclinical population

Answer 40

survey

Question 41

How is data generally collected for survey research (2)

Answer 41

interviews and questionnaires

Question 42

The information gathered is survey research is usually ___. Surveys are ___ with a ___ scope

Answer 42

- superficial - flexible - broad

Question 43

___ studies seek to improve practice and processes within a specific organization

Answer 43

QI

Question 44

QI studies do not generate ___ that can be ___ beyond the organization

Answer 44

- knowledge | - generalized

Question 45

QI studies follow what process

Answer 45

- plan : - do - study - act

Question 46

Plan (out of plan do study act) includes :

Answer 46

plan a change and develop a test or observation, including a plan for data collection

Question 47

Do (out of plan do study act) includes :

Answer 47

try the change on a small scale

Question 48

Study (out of plan do study act) includes :

Answer 48

review and analyze the data, study the results, and identify what has been learned

Question 49

act (out of plan do study act) includes :

Answer 49

refine the change and take action based on the lessons learned from the test